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Solar eclipse of March 31, 2071

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Solar eclipse of March 31, 2071
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma−0.3739
Magnitude0.9919
Maximum eclipse
Duration52 s (0 min 52 s)
Coordinates16°42′S 37°00′W / 16.7°S 37°W / -16.7; -37
Max. width of band31 km (19 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse15:01:06
References
Saros140 (32 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9667

An annular solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, March 31, 2071,[1] with a magnitude of 0.9919. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter will be near the average diameter because it will occur 7.2 days after apogee (on March 24, 2071, at 10:05 UTC) and 6.2 days before perigee (on April 6, 2071, at 19:05 UTC).[2]

The path of annularity will be visible from parts of Chile, Argentina, extreme southern Paraguay, Brazil, extreme southern Gabon, Congo, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. A partial solar eclipse will also be visible for parts of South America, Antarctica, and Africa.

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]

March 31, 2071 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2071 March 31 at 12:14:19.7 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2071 March 31 at 13:17:47.4 UTC
First Central Line 2071 March 31 at 13:18:35.7 UTC
Greatest Duration 2071 March 31 at 13:18:35.7 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2071 March 31 at 13:19:24.0 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2071 March 31 at 14:34:35.2 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2071 March 31 at 14:48:09.5 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2071 March 31 at 15:01:06.4 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2071 March 31 at 15:05:13.1 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2071 March 31 at 15:28:00.2 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2071 March 31 at 16:43:00.5 UTC
Last Central Line 2071 March 31 at 16:43:45.8 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2071 March 31 at 16:44:31.0 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2071 March 31 at 17:47:52.6 UTC
March 31, 2071 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.99186
Eclipse Obscuration 0.98379
Gamma −0.37393
Sun Right Ascension 00h40m27.6s
Sun Declination +04°21'06.6"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'00.8"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.8"
Moon Right Ascension 00h40m53.3s
Moon Declination +04°00'40.0"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'38.9"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°57'25.9"
ΔT 98.5 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of March 2071
March 16
Ascending node (full moon)
March 31
Descending node (new moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 114
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 140
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Eclipses in 2071

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 140

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2069–2072

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]

The partial solar eclipse on May 20, 2069 occurs in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2069 to 2072
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
120 April 21, 2069

Partial
1.0624 125 October 15, 2069

Partial
−1.2524
130 April 11, 2070

Total
0.3652 135 October 4, 2070

Annular
−0.495
140 March 31, 2071

Annular
−0.3739 145 September 23, 2071

Total
0.262
150 March 19, 2072

Partial
−1.1405 155 September 12, 2072

Total
0.9655

Saros 140

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 140, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 16, 1512. It contains total eclipses from July 21, 1656 through November 9, 1836; hybrid eclipses from November 20, 1854 through December 23, 1908; and annular eclipses from January 3, 1927 through December 7, 2485. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on June 1, 2774. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 11 at 4 minutes, 10 seconds on August 12, 1692, and the longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 53 at 7 minutes, 35 seconds on November 15, 2449. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[5]

Series members 18–39 occur between 1801 and 2200:
18 19 20

October 29, 1818

November 9, 1836

November 20, 1854
21 22 23

November 30, 1872

December 12, 1890

December 23, 1908
24 25 26

January 3, 1927

January 14, 1945

January 25, 1963
27 28 29

February 4, 1981

February 16, 1999

February 26, 2017
30 31 32

March 9, 2035

March 20, 2053

March 31, 2071
33 34 35

April 10, 2089

April 23, 2107

May 3, 2125
36 37 38

May 14, 2143

May 25, 2161

June 5, 2179
39

June 15, 2197

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between June 12, 2029 and November 4, 2116
June 11–12 March 30–31 January 16 November 4–5 August 23–24
118 120 122 124 126

June 12, 2029

March 30, 2033

January 16, 2037

November 4, 2040

August 23, 2044
128 130 132 134 136

June 11, 2048

March 30, 2052

January 16, 2056

November 5, 2059

August 24, 2063
138 140 142 144 146

June 11, 2067

March 31, 2071

January 16, 2075

November 4, 2078

August 24, 2082
148 150 152 154 156

June 11, 2086

March 31, 2090

January 16, 2094

November 4, 2097

August 24, 2101
158 160 162 164

June 12, 2105

November 4, 2116

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

April 14, 1809
(Saros 116)

March 14, 1820
(Saros 117)

February 12, 1831
(Saros 118)

January 11, 1842
(Saros 119)

December 11, 1852
(Saros 120)

November 11, 1863
(Saros 121)

October 10, 1874
(Saros 122)

September 8, 1885
(Saros 123)

August 9, 1896
(Saros 124)

July 10, 1907
(Saros 125)

June 8, 1918
(Saros 126)

May 9, 1929
(Saros 127)

April 7, 1940
(Saros 128)

March 7, 1951
(Saros 129)

February 5, 1962
(Saros 130)

January 4, 1973
(Saros 131)

December 4, 1983
(Saros 132)

November 3, 1994
(Saros 133)

October 3, 2005
(Saros 134)

September 1, 2016
(Saros 135)

August 2, 2027
(Saros 136)

July 2, 2038
(Saros 137)

May 31, 2049
(Saros 138)

April 30, 2060
(Saros 139)

March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)

February 27, 2082
(Saros 141)

January 27, 2093
(Saros 142)

December 29, 2103
(Saros 143)

November 27, 2114
(Saros 144)

October 26, 2125
(Saros 145)

September 26, 2136
(Saros 146)

August 26, 2147
(Saros 147)

July 25, 2158
(Saros 148)

June 25, 2169
(Saros 149)

May 24, 2180
(Saros 150)

April 23, 2191
(Saros 151)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

September 28, 1810
(Saros 131)

September 7, 1839
(Saros 132)

August 18, 1868
(Saros 133)

July 29, 1897
(Saros 134)

July 9, 1926
(Saros 135)

June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)

May 30, 1984
(Saros 137)

May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)

April 20, 2042
(Saros 139)

March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)

March 10, 2100
(Saros 141)

February 18, 2129
(Saros 142)

January 30, 2158
(Saros 143)

January 9, 2187
(Saros 144)

References

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  1. ^ "March 31, 2071 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 2071 Mar 31". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
  4. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 140". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
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