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Seasonal summary

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Typhoon Sally (1967)
Most storms in a singular Pacific typhoon season (1955-present)
Year Tropical storms Typhoons
Typhoons Super typhoons
1964 39 26 (record high) 7
1994 36 20 6
1971 35 24 6
1965 35 21 11 (record high; tied with 1997)
1961 35 20 8
1967 35 20 5
1989 32 20 5
1974 32 16 0 (record low)
1992 31 16 5
1955 31 20 4
2013 31 13 5
Note: Data begins at the year 1955 due to earlier data being increasingly unreliable. Totals for tropical storms and typhoons after 1964 are from the Japan Meteorological Agency, and totals for the unofficial super typhoon category are from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.

The 1967 Pacific typhoon season took place during the neutral phase of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation,[1] with a weak and short-lived La Niña developing during the summer.[2] During a La Niña, a westward shift in the formation of tropical cyclones and the location of the subtropical ridge occurs, which is correlated to an increased chance for systems to make landfall in China and be more intense when striking the Philippines.[3] As a result, by named storms, the season is the third-most active on record.[4] This was represented with an above-average ACE index of approximately 140.6 units, making it by ACE, the fifteenth-most active as of 2024.[5] This number represents sum of the squares of the maximum sustained wind speed (knots) for all named storms while they are at least tropical storm intensity, divided by 10,000. Therefore, tropical depressions are not included.[6]

Early activity

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American astronaut and senator Harrison Schmitt noted that during Apollo 17, the ship may have flown over Violet as a tropical storm.[7]

Peak activity

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Two typhoons undergoing a binary interaction on September 20. Sarah (right) and Wanda (left)

Late activity

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Systems

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Unnumbered tropical depression

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Peak intensity estimates[8]
Agency Wind
(kt)[a] 		Pressure
(hPa)
CMA 28 996
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
DurationJanuary 12 – January 1
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
1004 hPa (mbar)

On January 9, the China Meteorological Administration noted that a tropical disturbance had formed east of Leyte.[10] As the disturbance tracked westwards, it filled up.[10] However, at 18:00 UTC on January 12, it developed into a tropical depression with a minimum pressure of 1,004 hPa (29.6 inHg) and sustained winds near 30 mph (45 km/h).[10] Further development occurred, and six hours later, it peaked with sustained winds of 35 mph (55 km/h).[10] However, this trend was short-lived, as on 15:00 UTC on January 13, it began weakening.[10] As a result, it degenerated back into a tropical disturbance at 06:00 UTC the next day, making landfall in Samar, Philippines six hours later.[10] Further weakening, the remnants made their second landfall in Panay, Philippines on 00:00 UTC the next day before dissipating soon after.[10]

Tropical Storm Ruby (Auring)

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Peak intensity estimates[11]
Agency Wind
(kt)[a] 		Pressure
(hPa)
CMA 38 996
HKO 40 996
JMA — 996
JTWC 40 —
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationJanuary 28 – February 6
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
996 hPa (mbar)

On January 28, a tropical depression formed well east of the Philippines with a minimum pressure of 996 hPa (29.4 inHg).[11] Slowly recurving northwards as it filled up,[11] it crossed into the Philippine Area of Responsibility on February 1, causing it to be named Auring by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA).[12] Slow development occurred, and after it underwent a cyclonic loop, it developed into a tropical storm on February 5, simuntaneously peaking with sustained winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) and being named Ruby by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.[11] However, soon after, it degenerated into a gale-force remnant low two days later, east of Mindanao, Philippines.[11] These remnants tracked towards the Philippines prior to dissipating on February 9.[11][12]

Typhoon Sally (Bebeng)

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Main article: Typhoon Sally (1967)
Peak intensity estimates[13]
Agency Wind
(kt)[a] 		Pressure
(hPa)
CMA 77 980
HKO 75 970
JMA — 980
JTWC 85 —
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationFebruary 28 – March 6
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

On February 28, a tropical depression with a minimum pressure of 1,006 hPa (29.7 inHg) formed northeast of Manus Island in Papua New Guinea.[13] Tracking northwestwards during the next few days, development was slow to occur.[13] However, on 12:00 UTC on March 1, the depression intensified into a tropical storm, being named Sally by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.[13] However, in the span of six hours that same day, Sally undergone rapid intensification, intensifying from a minimal tropical storm into a minimal typhoon with sustained winds of 80 mph (130 km/h).[14][13] Further intensification occurred, and on 00:00 UTC on March 2, Sally peaked with sustained winds of 100 mph (155 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 980 hPa (29 inHg).[13] Around that time, as Sally recurved to the west,[13] it crossed into the Philippine Area of Responsibility, causing PAGASA to name it Bebeng.[12] Soon after, Sally weakened into a tropical storm, making landfall just north of Mindanao 06:00 UTC on March 3 with sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h).[13] Rapid weakening occurred due to landfall, and as it made its second landfall in Leyte at 06:00 UTC the next day, it weakened into a tropical depression.[12][13] As it exited the Philippine Area of Responsibility on March 5,[12] it began recurving southwards.[13] As a result, it dissipated the next day, near Borneo.[14][13]

As Sally peaked in intensity, the island of Koror, which was around 180 nautical miles (330 km) east of the typhoon, suffered the brunt and was lashed by hurricane-force gusts which reached 85 mph (140 km/h). As a result, around 80 percent of the island's buildings were destroyed or damaged.[14] Additionally, three people died in Palau while another fifty were injured in the nation.[15] In total, Sally caused USD$5 million in damage for the island of Palau.[15] In the Philippines, Sally, the first March typhoon since 1948 to make landfall in the nation, caused one death and "considerable damage" to property, with Surigao receiving peak winds of 75 mph (120 km/h).[16]

Tropical Storm Therese

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Peak intensity estimates[17]
Agency Wind
(kt)[a] 		Pressure
(hPa)c
CMA 58 991
HKO 60 980
JMA — 992
JTWC 60 —
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationMarch 15 – March 24
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

On March 15, a tropical depression with a minimum pressure of 1,004 hPa (29.6 inHg) and sustained winds near 35 mph (55 km/h) formed near Ulithi.[17] Slowly developing, on 12:00 UTC the next day, the depression intensified into a tropical storm, being named Therese by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.[17] Further development was slow to occur, with Thelma not intensifying past 45 mph (75 km/h) until March 18.[17] Around that time, Therese began recurving north-northwestwards, intensifying at a higher rate.[17] As a result, on 00:00 UTC the next day, Therese peaked with sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h), attaining a minimum pressure of 992 hPa (29.3 inHg) just six hours later.[17] Around that time, Therese began weakening as it then tracked westwards.[17] However, Therese suddenly re-intensified, having a secondary peak on March 20, with sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 992 hPa (29.3 inHg).[17] This phase ended a few hours later, and as Therese tracked just south of the Marianas Islands, it began weakening.[17] Therese was able to shortly re-intensify twice, however, the storm progressively weakened after that.[17] During these phases, Therese began tracking northwestwards, becoming extratropical on March 24.[17][18] This cyclone weakened, becoming a high-pressure area east of the International Date Line on March 26 and dissipating.[17]

Therese passed just 45 mi (72 km) northeast of Ulithi as a minimal tropical storm on March 18, producing heavy rainfall, peaking with 3-hour totals of 1 in (2.5 cm) in the atoll.[18] Therese's extratropical remnants passed near Marcus Island (now known as Minamitorishima), producing 3.78 in (9.6 cm) of rainfall and a peak gust of 35 mph (56 km/h) in the island.[18] This rain total helped contribute to the 5.23 in (13.3 cm) of rainfall recorded in the island during March, which at the time, was the highest the island recorded in the month.[18]

Typhoon Violet (Karing)

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Peak intensity estimates[19]
Agency Wind
(kt)[a] 		Pressure
(hPa)
CMA 116 930
HKO 105 930
JMA — 930
JTWC 120 —
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationMarch 31 – April 12
Peak intensity220 km/h (140 mph) (1-min);
930 hPa (mbar)

At 18:00 UTC on March 31, a tropical depression with a minimum pressure of 1,000 hPa (30 inHg) formed southwest of Truk Island (now known as Chuuk Lagoon).[19][20] Undergoing rapid intensification during the next day, the system strengthened from a tropical depression with sustained winds of 35 mph (55 km/h) into a high-end tropical storm with sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h), being named Violet by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.[19] Further development was slow to occur as the storm tracked northwest, with Violet not intensifying into a typhoon until 18:00 UTC the next day.[19] Slowly developing, at 00:00 UTC on April 4, Violet initially peaked with sustained winds of 90 mph (150 km/h),[19] crossing into the Philippine Area of Responsibility later that day, causing PAGASA to name it Karing.[12] Initially weakening slightly, Violet regained its former strength by the morning of April 5, slowing in its northwestward trajectory.[19] Undergoing a second bout of rapid intensification, in just six hours, Violet strengthened from having sustained winds of 105 mph (165 km/h) to having peak sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 940 hPa (28 inHg).[19] Weakening as it tracked northwestwards at a faster rate, at 03:00 UTC on April 8, Violet made landfall in northern Luzon with sustained winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 946 hPa (27.9 inHg).[19][20] Rapidly weakening due to landfall, as it exited Luzon on 18:00 UTC that same day, it became a tropical storm.[19] Further weakening occurred as Violet recurved westward on April 10,[20] and as it brushed southern Taiwan on April 11, it weakened into a tropical depression.[19] This depression recurved northwards before being absorbed by a mid-latitude trough near the Ryukyu Islands on April 12.[18][20]

As Violet slowly intensified, on April 2 and 3, Woleai reported peak winds of 35 mph (56 km/h) while Ulithi reported peak winds of 36 mph (58 km/h).[21] However, Yap saw a daily total 6 in (15 cm) of rain from Violet, reporting peak gusts of 32 mph (51 km/h).[21] In the Philippines, where Violet made landfall, 4 people died in Luzon alone.[20] The SS Silver Peak, a Panamanian vessel, was run aground by Violet near Minamitorishima, causing the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit and the USS Seminole to rescue the 28 crewmen of the ship.[22][23] A weakening Violet prompted the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) to hoist Standby Signal No. 1, making it the earliest issued typhoon warning until Typhoon Maysak caused the Observatory to hoist the same signal on April 3, 2015.[24]

Tropical Storm Wilda (Diding)

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Peak intensity estimates[25]
Agency Wind
(kt)[a] 		Pressure
(hPa)
CMA 38 1004
HKO 40 1002
JMA — 1004
JTWC 40 —
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationMay 8 – May 13
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
1004 hPa (mbar)

On May 8, a tropical depression with a minimum pressure of 1,006 hPa (29.7 inHg) formed southwest of Yap.[25][26] Recurving northwestwards, further development of the depression was slow to occur.[25] The next day, the depression crossed into the Philippine Area of Responsibility, being named Diding by PAGASA.[12] However, on 12:00 UTC on May 10, the depression suddenly intensified and simultaneously peaked with sustained winds of 45 mph (75 km/h), causing the JTWC to name it Wilda.[25] Tracking westward, Wilda began weakening, becoming a tropical depression 18 hours later.[25] Further weakening occurred as Wilda tracked southwards, and at 06:00 UTC on May 13, the depression dissipated.[25][26][12]

Storm names

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See also: Tropical cyclone naming and History of tropical cyclone naming

The following list of names was used in 1967 by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center to name tropical cyclones which formed in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean and produced sustained winds of at least 40 mph (65 km/h).[27]

* Ruby * Anita * Fran * Kate * Patsy * Wanda * Emma * Jean (unused) * Olive (unused)
* Sally * Billie * Georgia * Louise * Ruth * Amy * Freda * Kim (unused) * Polly (unused)
* Therese * Clara * Hope * Marge * Sarah * Babe * Gilda * Lucy (unused)
* Violet * Dot * Iris * Nora * Thelma * Carla * Harriet * Mary (unused)
* Wilda * Ellen * Joan * Opal * Vera * Dinah * Ivy * Nadine (unused)

References

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) estimates the maximum sustained wind of a tropical cyclone has the highest windspeed averaged over one minute, the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) averages such winds over two minutes, and the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) and Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) averages such winds over ten minutes in their historical records.[9]

Bibliographies

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  • Climatological Data: Pacific. Vol. 12. U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau. 1967.
  • Mariners Weather Log. Environmental Data and Information Service. 1967. Retrieved 20 October 2024.

Citations

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  1. ^ Physics Science Laboratory. "Past Events". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  2. ^ Physics Science Laboratory. "El Nino and La Nina Years: NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  3. ^ M. C. Wu; W. L. Chang; W. M. Leung (2003). "Impacts of El Nino-Southern Oscillation Events on Tropical Cyclone Landfalling Activity in the Western North Pacific". Journal of Climate. 17 (6): 1419–1428. Bibcode:2004JCli...17.1419W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.461.2391. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1419:IOENOE>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0894-8755.
  4. ^ Zhang, Xinchang; Zhong, Shanshan; Wu, Zhiwei; Li, Yun (December 2018). "Seasonal prediction of the typhoon genesis frequency over the Western North Pacific with a Poisson regression model" (PDF). Climate Dynamics. 51 (11–12): 4589. doi:10.1007/s00382-017-3654-5.
  5. ^ "Real-Time Tropical Cyclone North Atlantic Ocean Statistics". Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  6. ^ "CSU Hurricane Seasonal Forecasting". Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  7. ^ Schmitt, Harrison (7 December 2017). "30 Seconds and Counting". America's Uncommon Sense. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference ibtracs-cma7 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Ying, Ming; Zhang, Wei; Yu, Hui; Lu, Xiaoqin; Feng, Jingxian; Fan, Yongxiang; Zhu, Yongti; Chen, Dequan (1 February 2014). "An Overview of the China Meteorological Administration Tropical Cyclone Database". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 31 (2): 287–301. Bibcode:2014JAtOT..31..287Y. doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00119.1.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g "1967 Tropical Depression UNNAMED (1967009N07144)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  11. ^ a b c d e f "1967 Tropical Storm RUBY (1967028N05140)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h Padua, Michael V. (November 6, 2008). PAGASA Tropical Cyclone Names 1963–1988 (TXT) (Report). Typhoon 2000. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "1967 Typhoon SALLY (1967059N02145)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  14. ^ a b c National Climatic Data Center (11 April 1995). "Typhoon Sally, 28 February – 7 March". Indiana University Bloomington. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
  15. ^ a b Samblan, Niki; Tman, Luke (March 1967). "Typhoon Hits Palau". Vol. XIV, no. 6. Pacific Digital Library. Micronesian Reporter. pp. 10–14. Retrieved 14 October 2024. (Alt version)
  16. ^ Bueza, Michael (17 March 2015). "How frequent are storms in the Philippines in March?". Rappler. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "1967 Severe Tropical Storm THERESE (1967075N08148)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  18. ^ a b c d e Climatological Data 1967, p. 24.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "1967 Super Typhoon VIOLET (1967091N04151)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  20. ^ a b c d e National Climatic Data Center (11 April 1995). "Typhoon Violet, 31 March – 12 April". Indiana University Bloomington. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
  21. ^ a b Climatological Data 1967, p. 36.
  22. ^ "31st MEU History". 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  23. ^ Mooney, James L. (1 January 1976). Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Vol. VI. United States Naval History Division. p. 438.
  24. ^ Ying-kit, Lai (3 April 2015). "Typhoon Maysak set to trigger earliest Hong Kong storm signal since records began". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  25. ^ a b c d e f "1967 Tropical Storm WILDA (1967128N06137)". IBTrACS. Asheville, North Carolina: University of North Carolina at Asheville. Retrieved 20 October 2024.
  26. ^ a b Mariners Weather Log 1967, p. 214.
  27. ^ Mariners Weather Log 1967, p. 90.
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