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January–March 2022 in science

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This article lists a number of significant events in science that have occurred in the first quarter of 2022.

Events

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January

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3 January: OpenAlex, a free online index with metadata about over 200 million scientific documents is launched.
The graphs visualize recent developments of science based on this data.[5]
10 January: The first successful xenogeneic heart transplant, from a genetically modified pig to a human patient, is reported.
12 January: The ~14 Myr old Local Bubble drives nearby young star formation.
12 January: Mutations are shown to not be random – frequency can vary between regions.
19 January: Antibiotic resistance contributed to ~5 M deaths in 2019 according to a first global assessment.

February

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9 February: A new test at the Joint European Torus achieves a breakthrough of more than twice (59 M J) the previous fusion energy generation record set in 1997.
14 February: The most comprehensive study of pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers is published.
28 February: A study shows annual carbon emissions (or carbon loss) from tropical deforestation have doubled during the last two decades and continue to increase.

March

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24 March: Scientists describe and quantify the biophysical mechanisms by which forests influence climate.

Deaths

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See also

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References

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  2. ^ Nadeau, Barbie Latza (3 January 2022). "2022's Hottest New Illness: Flurona". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  3. ^ Hassan, Jennifer (5 January 2022). "What is 'flurona'? Coronavirus and influenza co-infections reported as omicron surges. - Cases have been detected in countries including United States, Israel, Brazil, the Philippines and Hungary". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  4. ^ Nierenberg, Amelia (7 January 2022). "Can You Get the Flu and Covid at the Same Time? - Yes, you can get "flurona." But it's probably not as bad as it sounds". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  5. ^ "Open Alex Data Evolution". observablehq.com. 8 February 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  6. ^ Singh Chawla, Dalmeet (24 January 2022). "Massive open index of scholarly papers launches". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-00138-y. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  7. ^ "OpenAlex: The Promising Alternative to Microsoft Academic Graph". Singapore Management University (SMU). Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  8. ^ "OpenAlex Documentation". Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  9. ^ "Hedgehogs are the cutest reminder that we shouldn't overuse antibiotics". PBS NewsHour. 3 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  10. ^ Larsen, Jesper; et al. (February 2022). "Emergence of methicillin resistance predates the clinical use of antibiotics". Nature. 602 (7895): 135–141. Bibcode:2022Natur.602..135L. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04265-w. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 8810379. PMID 34987223.
  11. ^ Tollefson, Jeff (8 February 2022). "Scientists raise alarm over 'dangerously fast' growth in atmospheric methane". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-00312-2. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  12. ^ "Astronomers capture red supergiant's death throes". Northwestern University. 6 January 2022. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  13. ^ Jacobson-Galán, W. V.; et al. (6 January 2022). "Final Moments. I. Precursor Emission, Envelope Inflation, and Enhanced Mass Loss Preceding the Luminous Type II Supernova 2020tlf". The Astrophysical Journal. 924 (1): 15. arXiv:2109.12136. Bibcode:2022ApJ...924...15J. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac3f3a. S2CID 237940678.
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  15. ^ Clare, Elizabeth L.; Economou, Chloe K.; Bennett, Frances J.; Dyer, Caitlin E.; Adams, Katherine; McRobie, Benjamin; Drinkwater, Rosie; Littlefair, Joanne E. (7 February 2022). "Measuring biodiversity from DNA in the air". Current Biology. 32 (3): 693–700.e5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.11.064. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 34995488. S2CID 245772825.
  16. ^ Lynggaard, Christina; Bertelsen, Mads Frost; Jensen, Casper V.; Johnson, Matthew S.; Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg; Olsen, Morten Tange; Bohmann, Kristine (7 February 2022). "Airborne environmental DNA for terrestrial vertebrate community monitoring". Current Biology. 32 (3): 701–707.e5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.014. ISSN 0960-9822. PMC 8837273. PMID 34995490.
  17. ^ "New blood test can tell if cancer has spread around the body". BBC Science Focus Magazine. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  18. ^ Larkin, James R.; Anthony, Susan; Johanssen, Vanessa A.; Yeo, Tianrong; Sealey, Megan; Yates, Abi G.; Smith, Claire Friedemann; Claridge, Timothy D. W.; Nicholson, Brian D.; Moreland, Julie-Ann; Gleeson, Fergus; Sibson, Nicola R.; Anthony, Daniel C.; Probert, Fay (4 January 2022). "Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms". Clinical Cancer Research. 28 (8): 1651–1661. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-2855. ISSN 1078-0432. PMC 7613224. PMID 34983789. S2CID 245703989.
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  20. ^ Fahrmann, Johannes F.; Marsh, Tracey; Irajizad, Ehsan; Patel, Nikul; Murage, Eunice; Vykoukal, Jody; Dennison, Jennifer B.; Do, Kim-Anh; Ostrin, Edwin; Spitz, Margaret R.; Lam, Stephen; Shete, Sanjay; Meza, Rafael; Tammemägi, Martin C.; Feng, Ziding; Hanash, Samir M. (7 January 2022). "Blood-Based Biomarker Panel for Personalized Lung Cancer Risk Assessment". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 40 (8): 876–883. doi:10.1200/JCO.21.01460. PMC 8906454. PMID 34995129.
  21. ^ "Optical biopsy system aims to improve liver cancer diagnosis". Physics World. 1 February 2022.
  22. ^ Zherebtsov, Evgenii A.; Potapova, Elena V.; Mamoshin, Andrian V.; Shupletsov, Valery V.; Kandurova, Ksenia Y.; Dremin, Viktor V.; Abramov, Andrey Y.; Dunaev, Andrey V. (1 February 2022). "Fluorescence lifetime needle optical biopsy discriminates hepatocellular carcinoma". Biomedical Optics Express. 13 (2): 633–646. doi:10.1364/BOE.447687. PMC 8884204. PMID 35284175.
  23. ^ "University of Maryland School of Medicine Faculty Scientists and Clinicians Perform Historic First Successful Transplant of Porcine Heart into Adult Human with End-Stage Heart Disease". University of Maryland Medical Center. 10 January 2022. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  24. ^ "Man gets genetically-modified pig heart in world-first transplant". BBC News. 10 January 2022. Archived from the original on 17 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  25. ^ Sankaran, Vishwam (17 January 2022). "Study confirms sixth mass extinction is currently underway, caused by humans". The Independent. Archived from the original on 17 January 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  26. ^ Cowie, Robert H.; Bouchet, Philippe; Fontaine, Benoît (2022). "The Sixth Mass Extinction: fact, fiction or speculation?". Biological Reviews. 97 (2): 640–663. doi:10.1111/brv.12816. PMC 9786292. PMID 35014169. S2CID 245889833.
  27. ^ "How plant-based diets not only reduce our carbon footprint, but also increase carbon capture". Leiden University. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  28. ^ Sun, Zhongxiao; Scherer, Laura; Tukker, Arnold; Spawn-Lee, Seth A.; Bruckner, Martin; Gibbs, Holly K.; Behrens, Paul (January 2022). "Dietary change in high-income nations alone can lead to substantial double climate dividend". Nature Food. 3 (1): 29–37. doi:10.1038/s43016-021-00431-5. ISSN 2662-1355. PMID 37118487. S2CID 245867412.
  29. ^ "Cheops reveals a rugby ball-shaped exoplanet". ESA. 11 January 2022. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  30. ^ Barros, S. C. C.; Akinsanmi, B.; Boué, G.; et al. (1 January 2022). "Detection of the tidal deformation of WASP-103b at 3 σ with CHEOPS". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 657: A52. arXiv:2201.03328. Bibcode:2022A&A...657A..52B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142196. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 244757273.
  31. ^ "Ancient ice reveals mysterious solar storm". Lund University. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
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  33. ^ "Fastest DNA sequencing technique helps undiagnosed patients find answers in mere hours". Stanford. 12 January 2022. Archived from the original on 22 January 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  34. ^ Gorzynski, John E.; Goenka, Sneha D.; Shafin, Kishwar; Jensen, Tanner D.; Fisk, Dianna G.; Grove, Megan E.; Spiteri, Elizabeth; Pesout, Trevor; Monlong, Jean; Baid, Gunjan; Bernstein, Jonathan A.; Ceresnak, Scott; Chang, Pi-Chuan; Christle, Jeffrey W.; Chubb, Henry; Dalton, Karen P.; Dunn, Kyla; Garalde, Daniel R.; Guillory, Joseph; Knowles, Joshua W.; Kolesnikov, Alexey; Ma, Michael; Moscarello, Tia; Nattestad, Maria; Perez, Marco; Ruzhnikov, Maura R. Z.; Samadi, Mehrzad; Setia, Ankit; Wright, Chris; Wusthoff, Courtney J.; Xiong, Katherine; Zhu, Tong; Jain, Miten; Sedlazeck, Fritz J.; Carroll, Andrew; Paten, Benedict; Ashley, Euan A. (12 January 2022). "Ultrarapid Nanopore Genome Sequencing in a Critical Care Setting". New England Journal of Medicine. 386 (7): 700–702. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2112090. PMID 35020984. S2CID 245907257.
  35. ^ "Study challenges evolutionary theory that DNA mutations are random". U.C. Davis. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  36. ^ Monroe, J. Grey; Srikant, Thanvi; Carbonell-Bejerano, Pablo; Becker, Claude; Lensink, Mariele; Exposito-Alonso, Moises; Klein, Marie; Hildebrandt, Julia; Neumann, Manuela; Kliebenstein, Daniel; Weng, Mao-Lun; Imbert, Eric; Ågren, Jon; Rutter, Matthew T.; Fenster, Charles B.; Weigel, Detlef (February 2022). "Mutation bias reflects natural selection in Arabidopsis thaliana". Nature. 602 (7895): 101–105. Bibcode:2022Natur.602..101M. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04269-6. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 8810380. PMID 35022609.
  37. ^ "1,000-light-year Wide Bubble Surrounding Earth Is Source Of All Nearby, Young Stars - SCIENMAG: Latest Science And Health News". 12 January 2022. Archived from the original on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  38. ^ Zucker, Catherine; Goodman, Alyssa A.; Alves, João; Bialy, Shmuel; Foley, Michael; Speagle, Joshua S.; Großschedl, Josefa; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.; Burkert, Andreas; Khimey, Diana; Swiggum, Cameren (January 2022). "Star formation near the Sun is driven by expansion of the Local Bubble". Nature. 601 (7893): 334–337. arXiv:2201.05124. Bibcode:2022Natur.601..334Z. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04286-5. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 35022612. S2CID 245906333.
  39. ^ "2021 Tied for 6th Warmest Year in Continued Trend, NASA Analysis Shows". NASA. 13 January 2022. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  40. ^ "Strongest evidence yet that MS is caused by Epstein-Barr virus". New Scientist. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  41. ^ Bjornevik, Kjetil; Cortese, Marianna; Healy, Brian C.; Kuhle, Jens; Mina, Michael J.; Leng, Yumei; Elledge, Stephen J.; Niebuhr, David W.; Scher, Ann I.; Munger, Kassandra L.; Ascherio, Alberto (21 January 2022). "Longitudinal analysis reveals high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus associated with multiple sclerosis". Science. 375 (6578): 296–301. Bibcode:2022Sci...375..296B. doi:10.1126/science.abj8222. PMID 35025605. S2CID 245983763.
  42. ^ "Europe's First Quantum Computer with More Than 5K Qubits Launched at Jülich". HPC Wire. 18 January 2022. Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
  43. ^ "Chemical pollution has passed safe limit for humanity, say scientists". The Guardian. 18 January 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  44. ^ Persson, Linn; Carney Almroth, Bethanie M.; Collins, Christopher D.; Cornell, Sarah; de Wit, Cynthia A.; Diamond, Miriam L.; Fantke, Peter; Hassellöv, Martin; MacLeod, Matthew; Ryberg, Morten W.; Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter; Villarrubia-Gómez, Patricia; Wang, Zhanyun; Hauschild, Michael Zwicky (1 February 2022). "Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities". Environmental Science & Technology. 56 (3): 1510–1521. Bibcode:2022EnST...56.1510P. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158. ISSN 0013-936X. PMC 8811958. PMID 35038861.
  45. ^ Gössling, Stefan; Kees, Jessica; Litman, Todd (1 April 2022). "The lifetime cost of driving a car". Ecological Economics. 194: 107335. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107335. ISSN 0921-8009. S2CID 246059536.
  46. ^ "Phage therapies for superbug infections are being tested in Belgium". New Scientist. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
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  49. ^ Yirka, Bob. "Using a bacteriophage to successfully treat a patient infected with a drug-resistant bacteria". medicalxpress.com. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  50. ^ "Antibiotic resistance killed more people than malaria or AIDS in 2019". New Scientist. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
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  55. ^ "Giant pristine coral reef discovered off Tahiti". BBC News. 20 January 2022. Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
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  57. ^ "Chinese 'space cleaner' spotted grabbing and throwing away old satellite". Deutsche Welle. 9 February 2022.
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  59. ^ Fuller, Carl W.; Padayatti, Pius S.; Abderrahim, Hadi; Adamiak, Lisa; Alagar, Nolan; Ananthapadmanabhan, Nagaraj; Baek, Jihye; Chinni, Sarat; Choi, Chulmin; Delaney, Kevin J.; Dubielzig, Rich; Frkanec, Julie; Garcia, Chris; Gardner, Calvin; Gebhardt, Daniel; Geiser, Tim; Gutierrez, Zachariah; Hall, Drew A.; Hodges, Andrew P.; Hou, Guangyuan; Jain, Sonal; Jones, Teresa; Lobaton, Raymond; Majzik, Zsolt; Marte, Allen; Mohan, Prateek; Mola, Paul; Mudondo, Paul; Mullinix, James; Nguyen, Thuan; Ollinger, Frederick; Orr, Sarah; Ouyang, Yuxuan; Pan, Paul; Park, Namseok; Porras, David; Prabhu, Keshav; Reese, Cassandra; Ruel, Travers; Sauerbrey, Trevor; Sawyer, Jaymie R.; Sinha, Prem; Tu, Jacky; Venkatesh, A. G.; VijayKumar, Sushmitha; Zheng, Le; Jin, Sungho; Tour, James M.; Church, George M.; Mola, Paul W.; Merriman, Barry (1 February 2022). "Molecular electronics sensors on a scalable semiconductor chip: A platform for single-molecule measurement of binding kinetics and enzyme activity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (5). Bibcode:2022PNAS..11912812F. doi:10.1073/pnas.2112812119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 8812571. PMID 35074874.
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  67. ^ "Researchers discover new type of cellular communication in the brain". The Scripps Research Institute. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
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  86. ^ "Climate change has likely begun to suffocate the world's fisheries". American Geophysical Union. 1 February 2022. Retrieved 6 February 2022.
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