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Gourimanohari

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Gourimanohari
ArohanamS R₂ G₂ M₁ P D₂ N₃ 
Avarohanam N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S
EquivalentMelodic minor scale

Gourimanohari or Gaurimanohari is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 23rd Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. The 23rd melakarta rāgam as per Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music is Gourivelāvaḻi.

The Western equivalent is the melodic minor scale.

The Hindustani music equivalent to this rāgam is Raag Patdeep.

Structure and Lakshana

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Gourimanohari scale with Shadjam at C

It is the 5th rāgam in the 4th chakra Veda. The mnemonic name is Veda-Ma. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gi ma pa dhi nu.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

The notes used in this scale are shadjam, chatushruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, chatushruti daivatam and kakali nishadham. It is a sampurna rāgam – a rāgam that has all seven swaras (notes). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Dharmavati, which is the 59th melakarta.

Janya rāgams

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It has a few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See List of janya rāgams to look up all rāgams associated with it.

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The following are a few popular compositions in this rāgam.

'Shades of Blue: A Musical Tribute to Venmurasu' sung by Kamal Haasan, Sriram Parthasarathy, Saindhavi composed by Rajan Somasundaram is considered to be the definition of this ragam as it explores various shades of expressions possible in Gaurimanohari using vocals, Sitar, Sarangi, Flute, singing bowls and various string instruments.[2]

Film Songs

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Language:Tamil

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Song Movie/Album Composer Singer
Paattum Naane Thiruvilaiyadal K. V. Mahadevan T. M. Soundararajan
Maattukara Vela Vannakili Sirkazhi Govindarajan
Aadatha Manamum Kalathur Kannamma R. Sudarsanam A. M. Rajah, P. Susheela
Unathu Malar Paadha Kaanikkai Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy P. Susheela, L. R. Eswari
Naan Paadum Paadalukku Raga Bandhangal Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan Sirkazhi G. Sivachidambaram, S. Janaki
Malarae Kurinji Malarae Dr. Siva M. S. Viswanathan K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki
Oru Aalayamaagum Sumathi En Sundari P. Susheela
Jal Jal Jalenum Paasam
Kadavul Amaithu Vaitha Aval Oru Thodar Kathai S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Gowri Manohariyai Kanden Mazhalai Pattalam S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jairam
Aagayam Kanatha Alaya Deepam Vani Jairam
Kannaa Varuvaayaa Manathil Uruthi Vendum Ilaiyaraaja K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra
Muthamizh Kaviyae

(Ragam Dharmavati touches)

Dharmathin Thalaivan
Amman Koyil Kizhakale Sakalakala Vallavan Ilaiyaraaja
Sumangali Poojai Dharma Pathini P. Susheela, S. P. Sailaja
En Vaanile Ore Vennila (has more of Patdeep) Johnny Jency Anthony
Dhoorathil Naan Nizhalgal S. Janaki
Oh Endhan Unakkaagave Vaazhgiren
Isaiyin Deivam Maragatha Veenai
Ponvaanam Panneer Thoovuthu Indru Nee Nalai Naan
Thalampoove Kannurangu S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki, Uma Ramanan
Bhoopalam Isaikkum Thooral Ninnu Pochchu K. J. Yesudas, Uma Ramanan
Paadum Vanambadi Naan Paadum Paadal S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Oru Kaaviam Aruvadai Naal Ilaiyaraaja
Katha Pola Thonum Veera Thalattu
Raja Magal Roja Malar Pillai Nila P. Jayachandran, S. Janaki
Adhi Kaalai Nilave Urudhi Mozhi
Anbe Vaa Arugile Kilipetchu Ketkava K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki
Vedala Pulla Nesathuku Periya Marudhu Swarnalatha
Santhana Kaatre Thanikattu Raja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Solai Poovil Malai Thenral Vellai Roja
Ennathaan Sugamo Mappillai
Maalai Ennai Vaaduthu Pookkalai Parikkatheergal T. Rajendar
Poongkaatrilae Uyire A. R. Rahman Unni Menon, Swarnalatha
Enna Solla Pogirai Kandukondain Kandukondain Shankar Mahadevan
Vidai Kodu Engal Naadae Kannathil Muthamittal M. S. Viswanathan,Balram, Febi Mani, A. R. Reihana, Manikka Vinayagam
Malaiyorum Kuyil Inaindha Kaigal Manoj–Gyan Deepan Chakravarthy,Vidhya
Sakalakala Vallavane Pammal K. Sambandam Deva Hariharan, Sujatha Mohan
Silu Silu Siluvena Kaathu

(Ragam Dharmavathi touches in Charanam)

Kizhakku Karai K. S. Chithra
Ponmaalaiyil Tamilgeetham Paduven Vasantha Malargal S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Vizhiyum Vizhiyum Sadhurangam Vidyasagar Madhu Balakrishnan, Harini
Aasai Aasai(Charanam only) Dhool Shankar Mahadevan, Sujatha Mohan
Kolaikara Analatchu En Muchu Thambi Vettothi Sundaram Karthik,Kalyani
Vanvillin Vannam Thendral Sadhana Sargam
En Nenjil Baana Kaathadi Yuvan Shankar Raja
Aarariraro Raam K. J. Yesudas
Nijama Nijama Bose KK, Shreya Ghoshal
Vennmegam Pennaga(Kapi touches also) Yaaradi Nee Mohini Hariharan
Kadhal Vanoli

(starting Male voice in Ragam Reethigowla)

Album Karthik Raja Sujatha Mohan, Harish Raghavendra
Paarthu Po Neranja Manasu Shreya Ghoshal
Sundari Penne Oru Oorla Rendu Raja D. Imman
Mailaanji Mailaanji Namma Veettu Pillai Shreya Ghoshal, Pradeep Kumar
Penn Oruthi Gemini Bharadwaj S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Kaadhal Mazhaiye Jay Jay Srinivas
Alwarpettai Aaluda

(Loosely based)

Vasool Raja MBBS Kamal Haasan, VNB
Kadhal Kolluthadi Ennul Aayiram Gopi Sundar Najim Arshad, Mridula Warrier
Laali Laali Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru Ghibran Sathyaprakash,Pragathi Guruprasad

Language : Telugu

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Songs composed in Patdeep(Hindustani) which is equivalent to Gourimanohari (Carnatic)

Song Movie Composer Singers
Aahasakhi Ee Vaname Uma Chandi Gowri Sankarula Katha Pendyala (composer) P. Susheela
Naa Madhi Paadina Pavitra Hrudayalu T. Chalapathi Rao Ghantasala (musician)
Nee Adugulona adugu vesi Poola Rangadu Ghantasala (musician) Ghantasala (musician) & P. Susheela

Below song is a traditional saint Tyagaraja Gowrimanohari Rendition used in film which sound similar to Patdeep(Hindustani)

Language : Telugu

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Song Movie Composer Singers
Guruleka Etuvanti Guniki[3] Tyagayya K. V. Mahadevan S. P. Balasubrahmanyam

Language : Hindi

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Songs composed in Patdeep(Hindustani) which is equivalent to Gourimanohari (Carnatic)

Song Movie Composer Singers
Megha Chhaye Adhi Rat Sharmeelee S. D. Burman Lata Mangeshkar
Saaz Ho Tum Avaaz Hun Main Saaz Aur Awaz(1966 film) Naushad Mohammad Rafi[4]

Language:Kannada

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Song Movie/Album Composer Singer
Ennilla Enilla Upendra Gurukiran Pratima Rao
Nanenu Ballenu Ninna Nareyana Namamrutham Mahesh Mahadev Priyadarshini

Language: Malayalam

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Songs composed in Patdeep(Hindustani) which is equivalent to Gourimanohari (Carnatic)

Song Movie Composer Singers
Anuraga Lola gathri Dhwani Naushad K. J. Yesudas & P. Susheela
Kathirunnu Kathirunnu Ennu Ninte Moideen M. Jayachandran Shreya Ghoshal
Raakuyil paadi Kasthooriman Ouseppachan K. J. Yesudas
Katte née veesharuthipol (charanam Harikamboji) Kattu Vannu Vilichappol M. G. Radhakrishnan K. S. Chithra
Periyone rahumane (based on Gowrimanohari but scale changes) Aadujeevitham A. R. Rahman Jithin Raj

Albums

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Tamil

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Song Album Composer Singer
"Unnai Konjum Neram" Unnai Konjum Neram – Single Sanjay Ramakrishnan – Vijay Veerapandiyan Sreekanth Hariharan, Amirt K Narayan
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This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Gourimanohari's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 3 other major melakarta rāgams, namely, Vachaspati, Natakapriya and Charukesi. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration see Graha bhedam on Vachaspati.

Notes

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  1. ^ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R  M P D N 
    • Western: C D E F G A B C
  2. ^ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani:  N D P M  R S
    • Western: C B A G F E D C

References

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  1. ^ Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. ^ "Director Mani Ratnam Releases Musical Tribute to Jeyamohan's Epic Venmurasu". marketwatch.com. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  3. ^ Carnatic Ecstasy. "GurulekaEtuvantiGunikiGaurimanohari". Retrieved 15 June 2018 – via YouTube.
  4. ^ Goldmines Gaane Sune Ansune. "SaazHoTumAwaazHoonMain". Retrieved 1 June 2019 – via YouTube.