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Anton Frommelt

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Anton Frommelt
Frommelt in 1938
Deputy Prime Minister of Liechtenstein
In office
20 June 1933 – 30 March 1938
MonarchsFranz I
Franz Joseph (regent)
Prime MinisterJosef Hoop
Preceded byLudwig Marxer
Succeeded byAlois Vogt
President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein
In office
January 1928 – December 1944
MonarchsJohann II
Franz I
Franz Joseph II
Preceded byWilhelm Beck
Succeeded byDavid Strub
Member of the Landtag of Liechtenstein for Oberland
In office
1928–1945
Personal details
Born14 March 1895
Schaan, Liechtenstein
Died7 October 1975 (aged 80)
Vaduz, Liechtenstein
Political partyProgressive Citizens' Party

Anton Frommelt (14 March 1895 – 7 October 1975) was a pastor and political figure from Liechtenstein who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Liechtenstein from 1933 to 1938. He was also President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1928 to 1944.

Frommelt initially worked as a pastor before entering politics, where he was opposed to Nazi elements in Liechtenstein and played a key role in averting the 1939 Liechtenstein putsch. After leaving politics in 1945, he dedicated himself as an artist and photographer, where he gave advice on stamp policy and was recognised through exhibitions. In addition, he also contributed as a historian, focusing on archaeological excavations and monument preservation.

Early life

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Frommelt was born on 14 March 1895 in Schaan as the son of carpenter Lorenz Frommelt and Magdalena Vogt. He attended college in Stans and from 1920 he studied theology in Chur. He worked as an art teacher between 1920 and 1922. He was as a pastor in Triesen from 1922 until 1933.[1]

Political career

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Frommelt was a member of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1928 and he served as the President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from January 1928 to December 1944 as a member of the Progressive Citizens' Party.[2][3] In 1933 he was appointed by Josef Hoop to serve as the deputy prime minister of Liechtenstein, succeeding Ludwig Marxer.[4]

In 1930 he had supported the approval for the building of a 23km long inland canal to increase the percentage of arable land within the country and to create job opportunities within the country, which was approved in 1930, started construction in 1931 and then completed in 1943.[5][6]

Following the Anschluss of Austria, under the initiative of Franz Joseph, the Progressive Citizens' Party and Patriotic Union started negotiations for the formation of a coalition government.[7] This coalition was designed to avoid political deadlock while there was ongoing threat from Nazi Germany, and more importantly, prevent the German National Movement in Liechtenstein (VDBL) from gaining any seats within the Landtag.[8][9] As a result of the coalition, Frommelt was succeeded as deputy prime minister by Alois Vogt of the Patriotic Union, but retained his position as president of the Landtag.[1][10]

Frommelt giving a speech in homage to Franz Joseph II in 1939

He played a key role in thwarting the VDBL when they attempted a coup in 1939 by blocking their telephone lines and convincing marchers to stand down. He was a fierce opponent of National Socialism.[1][11] Frommelt resigned all of his political positions in 1945, near the end of World War II.[1]

Historian and artistry

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Due to death reasons, he decided to not become a pastor again but instead dedicated himself to becoming an artist and photographer.[12] He published approximately 1,700 photographs throughout his lifetime.[13] While he was no longer active in politics he still periodically gave advice to his friend Alexander Frick on stamp policy and created many designs of the stamps himself.[14]

In 1965, to mark his 70th birthday, an exhibition was held in Vaduz dedicated to his photography, and again posthumously in Triesen in 1992. In addition to his artistry, he made several publications about his contemporary artists, such as Ferdinand Nigg, which is credited of granting widespread public acknowledgment of his works.[1]

Frommelt was a member of the Historical Society for the Principality of Liechtenstein from 1930 to 1955. His area of focus was archaeological excavations and monument preservation. He played a role in the re-establishment of the Liechtenstein National Museum in 1954 and helped create the cultural history section of the museum.[1]

Frommelt died on 7 October 1975, at the age of 80.[1] He is buried at the cemetery in Vaduz.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g Vogt-Frommelt, Rita (31 December 2011). "Frommelt, Anton". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 27 May 2023.
  2. ^ Paul Vogt (1987). 125 Jahre Landtag. Vaduz: Landtag of the Principality of Liechtenstein.
  3. ^ "Mitglieder – Präsidenten" (in German). March 27, 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-03-27.
  4. ^ "Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862–2021". Des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 27 May 2023.
  5. ^ "Der Landtag stimmt dem Bau des Binnenkanals zu". Staatsarchiv des Fürstentum Liechtenstein (in German). 7 July 1930. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  6. ^ Haidvogl, Gertrud (31 December 2011). "Binnenkanal". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  7. ^ "Liechtenstein's Prince Franz Josef II, 83". Los Angeles Times. 15 November 1989. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  8. ^ Büchel, Donat (31 December 2011). "Märzkrise". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  9. ^ Marxer, Wilfred (31 December 2011). "Koalition". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  10. ^ "Mitglieder der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechtenstein 1862-2021" (PDF). www.regierung.li. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  11. ^ Büchel, Donat (31 December 2011). "Anschlussputsch". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  12. ^ "Anton Frommelt (Canonical)". SIKART Lexicon (in German). Retrieved 27 May 2023.
  13. ^ "Anton Frommelt – Fotografien aus den 20er Jahren". Archiv Atelier (in German). Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  14. ^ "Birth of Canon Anton Frommelt". Liechtenstein Institute (in German). 12 March 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
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