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Āliamanu Crater

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Āliamanu Crater
Aerial view of Salt Lake (Āliapa‘akai) with Āliamanu Crater directly above
Highest point
Elevation760 ft (230 m)
Coordinates21°21′42″N 157°54′54″W / 21.36167°N 157.91500°W / 21.36167; -157.91500
Geography
Āliamanu Crater is located in Hawaii
Āliamanu Crater
Āliamanu Crater
Āliamanu Crater within Hawaii
LocationSalt Lake, Hawaii, United States
Parent rangeHawaiian Islands
Geology
Mountain typeTuff cone
Volcanic arcHawaiian-Emperor seamount chain

Āliamanu Crater, also known as Leilono Crater[1][2] or North Crater,[2] is a volcanic tuff cone in the Salt Lake neighborhood of Honolulu, Hawaii.[3]

It has an elevation of 760 feet,[4] towering the nearby Āliapa‘akai and Makalapa craters.

History

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The first geological description of Aliamanu was done by 19th century geologist James Dwight Dana.[5]

In the early 20th century, the US military constructed a military base within the crater now known as the Aliamanu Military Reserve. The area was also used for underground ammunition storage.[4]

Geology

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Āliamanu was one of the many tuff craters formed during the Honolulu Volcanics, a series of eruptions in southeastern Oahu.[3]

Legends

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The Ancient hawaiians believed the upper rim of Aliamanu crater to be the location of Leilono, a site said to contain the entrance to the otherworld (Pō).[6]

Legends also record the Hawaiian goddesses Pele and Hiʻiaka using the crater as a habitat.[6]

References

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  1. ^ "Hawaiian Place Names". ulukau.org. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  2. ^ a b Decisions on Names in the United States. Department of the Interior. 1959.
  3. ^ a b "Geolex — Aliamanu publications". ngmdb.usgs.gov. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  4. ^ a b Thompson, Erwin N. (1985). Pacific Ocean Engineers History of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the Pacific, 1905–1980. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 75.
  5. ^ Pankiwskyj, Kost A. "Geology of the Salt lake Area, Oahu, Hawaii". Pacific Science. 26: 244.
  6. ^ a b "Ka Makani Ho'eo o Moanalua The Ho'eo, whistling wind of Moanalua". Moanalua Ahupua'a: 44.