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Today's featured article
Addie Viola Smith (1893–1975) was an American attorney who served as the U.S. trade commissioner to Shanghai from 1928 to 1939, the first female Foreign Service officer in the U.S. Foreign Service to work under the Commerce Department, and the first woman to serve as trade commissioner. A native of Stockton, California, Smith moved to Washington, D.C., in 1917. While working for the United States Department of Labor, she attended the Washington College of Law part-time, earning a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1920. She joined the Foreign Service in October that year. Posted to Beijing as a clerk, she was promoted to assistant trade commissioner in Shanghai in 1922, and to trade commissioner in 1928. She later held roles in the U.S. government, world organizations, and the United Nations. Smith met her life partner, Eleanor Mary Hinder, in 1926; they moved to Hinder's native Australia in 1957, where stone seats are dedicated to them at the E. G. Waterhouse National Camellia Gardens. (Full article...) Recently featured: 1894–95 New Brompton F.C. season The Girl Who Lived in the Tree Frederick Browning Archive By email More featured articles About
Did you know...
Patrick Hessian ... that Patrick J. Hessian (pictured), the 16th Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army, earned the Soldier's Medal for disarming a suicidal soldier who was holding a live grenade with the pin pulled? ... that Rolling Stone listed Ácido Argentino as the most essential album of Argentine heavy metal? ... that people of the Zenú culture built canals in the La Mojana wetland area of Colombia long before Spanish arrival? ... that although Israel honored 27 ancient Masada skeletons with a state funeral in 1969, the story of freedom fighters' patriotic last stand is now known to be a myth? ... that Kaylee Bryson was the first female driver to advance to the A-Main feature race at the Chili Bowl Nationals? ... that the Villa of Augustus was found buried beneath another villa? ... that every summer, the Suiattle River dirties the Sauk with glacial debris? ... that architect Donald MacKay designed a fire station which later burnt down in the Great Seattle Fire? ... that according to legend, after one of the Earl de Grey's parrots was killed, the other never spoke again? Archive Start a new article Nominate an article
Tomorrow's featured article
Artur Phleps (29 November 1881 – 21 September 1944) was an Austro-Hungarian, Romanian and Nazi officer who was an SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Waffen-SS in the Waffen-SS during World War II. He was an Austro-Hungarian Army officer before and during World War I. During the interwar period, he joined the Romanian Army and became an adviser to King Carol. After he spoke out against the government, he was made to leave the army. In 1941 he joined the Waffen-SS. He saw action on the Eastern Front before raising two Waffen-SS mountain divisions and one corps in occupied Yugoslavia. Units under his command committed many crimes against the civilian population of the Independent State of Croatia. This became controversial when his onetime translator, Kurt Waldheim, successfully ran for the Austrian presidency in the 1980s. In addition to the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, Phleps was awarded the German Cross in Gold, and, posthumously, was awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight's Cross. (Full article...) Recently featured: Addie Viola Smith 1894–95 New Brompton F.C. season The Girl Who Lived in the Tree Archive By email More featured articles About

In the news
Alberto Fujimori in 1991 At least 37 people are killed and more than 3,400 others injured after electronic devices used by Hezbollah members explode in Lebanon and Syria. Severe flooding in central Europe leaves at least 25 people dead and 11 others missing, with several towns submerged. Amid widespread protests, Mexico ratifies constitutional changes that will see the federal judiciary chosen by popular vote. Former president of Peru Alberto Fujimori (pictured) dies at the age of 86. Ongoing: Israel–Hamas war timeline Russian invasion of Ukraine timeline Sudanese civil war timeline Recent deaths: Joe Schmidt Otis Davis Tito Jackson Fernando Puche Wolfgang Gerhardt Caterina Valente Nominate an article
On this day...
September 20 Great Buddha of Kamakura 1498 – A tsunami caused by the Meiō earthquake washed away the building housing the statue of the Great Buddha (pictured) at Kōtoku-in in Kamakura, Japan; the statue has since stood in the open air. 1792 – The French Army achieved its first major victory of the War of the First Coalition at the Battle of Valmy. 1967 – L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of Scientology, announced the story of Xenu in a taped lecture sent to all Scientologists. 1997 – Hurricane Erika, the strongest and longest-lasting hurricane of the 1997 Atlantic hurricane season, dissipated after causing flooding and power outages throughout Puerto Rico. Susanna Rubinstein (b. 1847) Edith Rogers (b. 1894) Davidson Nicol (d. 1994) Victor Henry Anderson (d. 2001) More anniversaries: September 19 September 20 September 21 Archive By email List of days of the year About
Tomorrow...
September 21: International Day of Peace The Great Fire of New York 1170 – Norman invasion of Ireland: English and Irish forces conquered Dublin, forcing Ascall mac Ragnaill, the last Norse–Gaelic king of Dublin, into exile. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: The Great Fire of New York (depicted) broke out during the British occupation of New York City, destroying up to 1,000 buildings. 1918 – World War I: The Battle of Nazareth ended with the British Empire victorious over the Ottomans. 1958 – The first section of Interstate 80 in Iowa opened in the Des Moines metropolitan area. 2001 – Several British Muslim youths in Peterborough, England, murdered 17-year-old Ross Parker, leading to debate over whether the British media failed to cover racially-motivated crimes with white victims. Abu Ishaq Ibrahim (b. 953) Virginia Tango Piatti (b. 1869) Denny Jones (b. 1910) Bertha McNeill (d. 1979) More anniversaries: September 20 September 21 September 22 Archive By email List of days of the year About

Today's featured picture

Holothuria fuscogilva, also known as the white teatfish, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Holothuriidae. It is found in the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific in shallow waters near islands and around coral reefs. Juveniles live in shallower waters (such as inter-tidal zones) and then migrate to deeper waters as they mature. Adults of this species weigh between 2.4 and 4 kilograms (5.3 and 8.8 pounds) and are elliptical in shape with a firm texture. They feature lateral papillae (teats), which are often buried in the sand. The species is consumed as food and is vulnerable to over-exploitation from commercial fishing. This H. fuscogilva sea cucumber was photographed in Ras Muhammad National Park off the Red Sea coast of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt.

Photograph credit: Diego Delso

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Tomorrow's featured picture

The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub in the family Lythraceae, subfamily Punicoideae, that grows between 5 and 10 m (16 and 33 ft) tall. The pomegranate was originally found only throughout the Mediterranean region. It was introduced into Spanish America in the late 16th century and into California by Spanish settlers in 1769. This photograph shows a number of sarcotesta seedcoats from a pomegranate. This image is a focus-stacked image consisting of 31 images.

Photograph credit Ivar Leidus

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