Jump to content

Hubert Burda Media

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hubert Burda Media Holding Kommanditgesellschaft
Hubert Burda Media
Company typePrivate (Kommanditgesellschaft)[1]
Industrymedia, publishing
Founded1903; 121 years ago (1903)[2][3]
Headquarters,
Germany
Key people
RevenueDecrease €2.748 billion[6] (2023)
Number of employees
Decrease ~10,000[7] (2023)
Websitewww.burda.com

Hubert Burda Media Holding is a German media group with headquarters in Offenburg. It originated as a small printing business, founded by Franz Burda Snr in Philippsburg, in 1903.

In 1986, the corporate group was divided up between Franz Jnr, Frieder and Hubert Burda. In the 1980s and 1990s, the company developed into a major corporation; it is now one of Germany's largest media companies.[8][9] Its best-known media brands include the magazines Bunte and Superillu, the German edition of Playboy, the news magazine Focus, as well as HuffPost Germany, HolidayCheck and XING.

History

[edit]
Wedding photo of Aenne and Franz Burda Sr (1931)

Founded as a printing company

[edit]

From 1903, Franz Burda ("I"), the father of Franz Burda Sr ("II") and grandfather of Franz Burda Jr ("III") ran a small printing business in Philippsburg.[10] The venture was largely unsuccessful, prompting Burda to start a new company in Offenburg, in 1908.[11]

In 1927, the company produced Germany's first radio listings magazine, "Die Sürag",[12] (subtitle "The Large Radio Magazine"). Its name sounded like a short form of Süddeutscher Rundfunk. Its initial circulation was 3,000 copies.[11] In 1929, Franz Burda Sr took over the business from his father, along with the editorial duties for Sürag. He expanded the business significantly. In the early 1930s, the magazine achieved a circulation of over 85,000, and the staff grew from three to roughly 100.[13] A second and larger phase of growth began in 1934, with the acquisition and development of new printing operations and the conversion to gravure printing.[14][15]

Business during the Nazi regime

[edit]

In 1938 Franz Burda and partners acquired a major printing facility, Großdruckerei, Papiergroßhandlung und Papierwarenwerk Akademiestraße Gebrüder Bauer in Mannheim. It was one of the largest and most modern printing companies in the German Reich, with some 250 employees.[16] Its owner Berthold Reiss and fellow shareholders were Jews, meaning that they were forced to sell the business under the "Aryanization" laws relating to all Jewish-owned businesses in Nazi Germany.[17][18]

As a forced seller, Berthold Reiss was obliged to find a buyer for the firm or face the appropriation of its assets and his personal destitution. Reiss pitched unsuccessfully to several potential buyers before a mutual contact told him of Franz Burda's interest. At the time Burda did not have sufficient capital to buy the business outright, so he paired with Karl Fritz, owner of Südwestdruck. One of Fritz's contacts, Robert Wagner, had the high-level political and banking contacts necessary to approve the deal and secure finance for the acquisition.[19]

After the acquisition, Burda invited Reiss to stay on at the company to help manage the transition of ownership. Reiss's son Hans would later write that the pair established a good working relationship, despite the circumstances of the acquisition, with Reiss mentoring Burda's transition to managing a much larger business and Burda enjoying the firm's more informal culture.[19] Burda interjected on Reiss' behalf when the latter was interned as part of Kristallnacht. The Burda and Reiss families developed a friendship after 1945, with Hans Reiss contributing to later Burda projects.[20][21]

Despite his cordial relationship with Reiss, Franz Burda was a member of the Nazi Party from 1938 onwards. In 1933 he declared that his company had no Jewish employees or shareholders, although, preceding this statement in Sürag, advertisers of the National Socialist program guides NS-Funk and Der Deutsche Sender had claimed Burda did employ Jews.[22] In reality, Burda knowingly employed a Jewish woman and rejected calls for her dismissal; this may explain why the company was never designated a "model National Socialist company". Burda also intervened against the deportation of an employee's Jewish wife, which led to Burda being reported to the Gestapo.[20] An unauthorised biography of the family, Die Burdas, characterised Franz's membership of the Nazi party as more financial expediency than political ideology. In later official hearings Franz was held to be a Mitläufer, referring to those who were not charged with Nazi crimes but whose involvement with the Party was such that they could not be wholly exonerated.[20][23]

Franz's son Hubert went on to assume a significant role in the issue of German industrial reparations, for which he was decorated by a number of German Jewish interest groups, including the Ohel Jacob Medal award.[24][25] The publishing company's history during the Third Reich was described by Salomon Korn, a former Vice President of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, as a "case study for coming generations as to the question of guilt and conscience, of entanglement and dealing with the burden of this legacy".[15]

At the beginning of World War II, Burda had a staff of roughly 600 employees. In 1941, production of the magazine "Die Sürag" was curtailed due to the war, and instead the company printed maps for the High Command of the German Army and aerial photographs for the Luftwaffe, in multi-color gravure printing.[26] The map of Cherkasy from the Cartographical Studio Dr. Franz Burda was considered the world's first multi-colour gravure printed map.[27] The Mannheim plant was destroyed by bombing; its operations moved to Lahr-Dinglingen in 1943.[15]

After World War II

[edit]

In the aftermath of the war, Franz Burda Sr single-handedly reached an agreement to pay reparations to the survivors and descendants of the shareholders from the Mannheim Bauer Printing Press. The company Gebr. Bauer oHG was later deleted from the commercial register and subsequently run as a Burda company.[15] From 1945, the company printed schoolbooks and postage stamps for the French occupation zone, as well as the French military newspaper "Revue d'Information". After Franz Burda Sr received the order from the French authorities to publish a magazine, the illustrated newspaper "Das Ufer", was first published in 1948, a precursor of the "Bunte" ("Bunte Illustrierte"), against the opposition of many French officers.[26] The license for "Das Ufer" was issued under the name of a front woman.[22] At that time, the French occupation forces still compiled the editorial section of the magazine.[26]

Aenne Burda, the wife of Franz Burda Sr, built up the A. Burda fashion publishing house after the War.[28] Its key publication, Burda Moden, a magazine for sewing patterns, was launched in 1950 (a precursor named of "Favorit" was launched in 1949).[29] Circulation grew rapidly from 100,000 at launch to roughly half a million copies.[30] Aenne Burda developed into by far the largest customer of the printing operations of her husband, who had no authority in her company. She only granted a participating share to her children as limited partners.[26] In 1954, Aenne Burda's company moved into new headquarters in Kestendamm in Offenburg, designed by the architect Egon Eiermann.[31] From 1954/55, advertising for Burda publications was seen on the so-called "Burda Fleet",[32] three Piper PA-18 airplanes with banners flying behind the tail.[33]

Expansion through takeovers

[edit]

The company built up its presence in the Bavarian capital of Munich, which in addition to Offenburg became the company's second headquarters.[34] In 1961, the printing press in Offenburg was converted to modern rotogravure printing presses.[32] the same year saw the inauguration of the 50m high Burda Tower, which became a symbol of the city.[11] Already in the 1950s, a smokestack of the printing operations served as an observation point with an elevator and a terrace restaurant.[35] In 1962, Burda acquired the majority of the Neue Verlags-Gesellschaft publishing company based in Karlsruhe, known for magazines such as "Freundin" and "Film Revue".[35] At the end of the 1940s, Marie-Pierre Kœnig, Commander-in-chief of the French Army in Germany and Military Governor of the French Occupation Zone, was head of the publishing house.[36] In 1953, Karl Fritz, who together with Burda had acquired the Bauer Printing Press in 1938, then purchased the Neue Verlags-Gesellschaft.[15] In 1962, Burda bought the Bambi film prize.[37] In 1963, Burda acquired the traditional "Frankfurter Illustrierte", which was also integrated into "Bunte". From then on, the publication was called "Bunte Münchner Frankfurter Illustrierte".[11]

Hubert Burda joins the firm

[edit]

In 1966, Hubert Burda joined the company. After he obtained a Ph.D. in Art History and completing various traineeships, Franz Burda initially put his son in charge of the Munich publishing house.[38] The men's magazine "M", launched at the end of the 1960s with a million-DM advertising budget, was discontinued by Burda after 12 editions and extensive losses.[26] In 1973, Franz Burda Sr largely retired from the business: he made his children, Franz Jr, Frieder and Hubert into managing shareholders.[32] Franz Burda Jr was responsible for the printing operations, while Frieder handled finances and administration and Hubert managed publishing activities.[39] Hubert also worked as editor for "Bunte", first as managing editor, advancing to editor-in-chief in 1976.[40] Influenced by Andy Warhol, he led the evolution of the publication from a traditional magazine to a modern popular magazine ("people magazine").[41] In 1983, the "Bunte" editorial staff moved from Offenburg to Munich,[42] to the newly built headquarters of the Burda Verlag at Arabellapark,[32] where the company still has an office.[43]

Company Division

[edit]

After numerous mergers and acquisitions, the printing and publishing operations evolved into a large corporate group, which was re-organized in 1986 and after the death of Franz Burda Sr.[44][45][46] The brothers, Franz and Frieder, took over all affiliate shares, including those in US printing houses, German paper factories and Austrian media distribution. The most lucrative were the shares in the Berlin-based publisher Axel Springer, which distributed dividends in the millions.[47] Burda had previously acquired a stake of 24.9% in Axel Springer, in 1983.[48][49] Franz and Frieder bundled their shareholdings in F+F Burda KG based in Baden-Baden.[50] Hubert Burda became the sole shareholder of Burda GmbH with headquarters in Offenburg,[47] bundling all German printing and publishing activities.[51] By separating the operating business from the shareholding in Axel Springer, the owners averted anti-trust issues.[52][46] As a result, Franz Burda Jr and Frieder Burda were able to increase their equity into a blocking minority.[53] In 1988, they suddenly sold their shares again to the heirs of Axel Springer, having sought a majority in Axel Springer alongside Leo Kirch;[54] Hubert Burda challenged the legality of the transaction, asserting a preemptory right of purchase for the Springer shares.[55] He lost the subsequent court case.[56]

Development into a media group

[edit]

At the time of the legal dispute with his brothers, revenues at Hubert Burda's publishing house went into decline[57] before improving at the end of the 1980s, particularly after the circulation of “Bunte" rallied again.[58] Further growth came after expansion to the east: In 1987, "Burda Moden" was the first Western magazine sold in the Soviet Union.[59] After German Reunification, Burda initiated "Superillu" in cooperation with Gong Verlag.[60] It was conceived as "integration and lifestyle assistance as East and West grow together" and became one of the best-selling magazines in the new German states.[61][62] By contrast, the East German tabloid, "Super!", launched in 1992, was a failure. In order to compensate for the losses incurred, Burda was obliged to sell the headquarters at Arabellapark.[63] Further success came with the launch of "Focus." Established in 1993 by Hubert Burda and Helmut Markwort,[64] the magazine had 15,000 subscribers after five editions and reached a circulation of 300,000 sold copies.[65] Its advertising revenues would go on to surpass "Der Spiegel".[66] "Focus" was key to the development of the Burda publishing house into a media corporation.[67][68][69]

With the retirement of Aenne Burda in 1994, Hubert Burda purchased all the shares of the remaining family members and thus became the sole owner of the publishing house. It was integrated into the Group but remained largely independent.[70][71] At the turn of the year 1994/1995, Burda consolidated its radio and TV shares and integrated them into the current profit centre structure.[72][73] The Group also took on a greater international focus by establishing foreign subsidiaries.[32]

Investments in digital activities

[edit]

From 1995, Burda increased its investment in digital business models, creating a separate division for the purpose.[74] As one of its first steps, the new division took a stake in Europa Online, a Luxembourg online service.[75][76] "Focus Online" was launched in 1996, representing the first editorial news service from Burda,[77][78] and additional such websites followed.[79] Europa Online proved to be unsuccessful,[80] but Burda continued its expansion on the Internet.[81] In 2000, the Group consolidated its digital businesses in Focus Digital AG,[82] which merged with Tomorrow Internet AG to become what was at the time the largest Internet group.[83] To more accurately reflect the change in business,[84] the company changed its name at the end of the 1990s to "Hubert Burda Media".[32] A corresponding sign was also installed at the Burda Media Park in Offenburg, which opened in 2000:[85] The new building was located on the site of the former Kinzig Stadium.[86] The Burda School of Journalism moved there in 2001.[87]

In 2000, total operating performance of Hubert Burda Media exceeded 3 billion Deutsche Mark for the first time.[88]

In 2005, Hubert Burda Media initiated the international conference and innovation platform Digital Life Design (DLD).[89] It gathers leading innovators, Internet investors and companies to Munich.[90][91] In 2007, the Group took over the remaining shares in the Vogel Burda joint venture, which, among others, owns the computer magazine "Chip” and the technology portal "Chip Online".[92][93] In 2009, Burda invested in XING[94][95] with an initial purchase of 25.1% of the shares,[96] before assuming a majority shareholding three years later.[97][98][99]

Handover of operative management

[edit]

On his 70th birthday, Hubert Burda announced his retirement from the operating business.[100] At the turn of the year 2009/10, Paul-Bernhard Kallen was appointed as new CEO of the Group,[101] with Hubert Burda remaining publisher and managing shareholder.[102] Observers in turn viewed the appointment as a strengthening of the digital side of the business.[103][104] Under Kallen's leadership the subsidiary Tomorrow Focus started up a German-language version of the news and discussion platform "HuffPost".[105][106][107]

In 2013 Hubert Burda Media acquired a majority in the web browser "Cliqz", in which the Mozilla Foundation also later invested.[108][109] In 2016, a group subsidiary started "Thunder”, an open-source content management system that is also open to other media companies.[110][111][112]

Group structure

[edit]

Hubert Burda Media is organized in a decentralized profit center structure.[113][114] The subsidiaries operate largely independently, while some functions (such as procurement) are handled centrally.

The consolidation of the Group in 2015 comprised a total of 233 companies, of which 140 were headquartered in Germany.[115] The holding company of the Group is Hubert Burda Media Holding Kommanditgesellschaft.[115] The personally liable shareholders (general partners) of the company are Hubert Burda and a Management GmbH, which in turn is 100% owned by the holding company.[1] The limited partners of the company are the Burda Betriebsführungsgesellschaft as well as Hubert Burda's two children.[1] Elisabeth and Jacob Burda were given a share in the Group for the first time at the end of 2010.[116][117] The executive management of the Group reports to a Management Board comprising five persons.[115] The CEO of the management body is Paul-Bernhard Kallen,[118] who in 2010 was the first manager from outside the family to assume the position.[119] Holger Eckstein is the CFO,[120] Andreas Rittstieg is responsible for Legal Affairs and Compliance.[121] Philipp Welte is responsible for national media brands[122] and Stefan Winners the national digital brands.[123]

The company splits out its revenue reporting across five divisional categories: National Digital Brands, National Media Brands, International Media Brands, Print and Other.

Financial

[edit]
HUBERT BURDA MEDIA
Year Revenue

in bn.€

% Employees
2018 2.664 -0.3 12,369

The firm's National Digital Media division is its largest and fastest-growing unit. In 2018 it recorded a 5% increase in sales to €1.47bn, accounting for 55% of the company's entire turnover.[124]

Media and digital brands

[edit]

Hubert Burda Media owns magazines, websites, TV and radio broadcasters, including Radio Times and over 70 other magazines. It also acquired Immediate Media from its private equity owner Exponent and Management, for £270m.[125] The Group also owns various mail order and service and marketing firms.[126]

The Commission on Concentration in the Media (KEK) lists over 200 majority or minority shareholdings for Germany alone.[127] The Group and its publishers are considered leaders in the media industry in terms of the development of digital business models.[128] Hubert Burda Media earns more than half its revenues in this area.[129][130][131]

In 2018 the company reported, roughly 600 media products released in Germany and 18 other countries.[126][115] The key divisions of the Group are Blue Ocean Entertainment, BCN, BurdaDirect, BurdaDruck, BurdaForward, BurdaHome, BurdaInternational, BurdaLife, BurdaNews, BurdaPrincipal Investments, BurdaServices, BurdaStudios, BurdaStyle, BurdaTech, C3 Creative Code and Content, HolidayCheck Group and XING.[132] The divisions operate largely independently as profit centers.[115]

Well known media and digital brands of Hubert Burda Media include:

Bunte

[edit]

Bunte is a German-language people magazine. It was first published in 1948 under the name "Das Ufer".[133] Under Hubert Burda, Bunte developed into a modern popular magazine.[134][135] Today, Bunte has one of the highest circulations of all German publications and is one of the most popular media brands in the Group.[136] After Patricia Riekel stepped down, Robert Pölzer took over the position of editor-in-chief.[137]

Chip

[edit]

Chip was established by Kurt Eckernkamp in 1978 as the first German-language computer magazine.[138] The publication developed into the market leader in that segment, measured in terms of circulation.[139] The success of Chip was also facilitated by the expansion into over a dozen other countries.[140] Since 2007, Chip has been a fully owned subsidiary of Hubert Burda Media.[141] The acting editor-in-chief is Josef Reitberger.[142]

Another digital brand of Hubert Burda Media is Chip Online, one of the largest German-language editorial websites.[143][144]

Cliqz

[edit]

Cliqz is a web browser with an integrated search engine, unveiled in 2015.[145] It stands out in particular thanks to its search function without traditional search results pages and tracking protection.[146][147] Cliqz supports Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS and Android operating systems.[148] In 2016, the Mozilla Foundation invested in Cliqz.[149][150]

Cyberport

[edit]

Cyberport is an electronics retailer, established in 1998.[151] The company sells notebooks, tablets, smartphones and other devices, both online and in its own outlets.[152] In the year 2000, the Group increased its stake to acquire a majority in the firm.[153][154]

Digital Life Design

[edit]

Digital Life Design (or DLD for short) is the international conference and innovation platform of Hubert Burda Media.[155][156] It was launched in 2005 as "Digital Lifestyle Day".[157] In the years that followed, DLD developed into a significant event in the Internet and media sector.[158] It is known for attracting the participation of representatives from large US groups.[159][160][161]

Focus

[edit]

Focus is a German-language news magazine.[162][163] It was established in 1993 as an alternative to Der Spiegel.[64][164] Today, Focus is one of the three most widely circulated German weeklies.[165][166] The concept originates from publisher Hubert Burda and founding editor-in-chief Helmut Markwort, assisted by Uli Baur.[167][168][169][170] Robert Schneider has been editor-in-chief since March 1, 2016.[171][172]

Its website, Focus Online, is one of the highest-profile German-language websites.[173][174]

Freizeit Revue

[edit]

Freizeit Revue is a German-language tabloid magazine. The first edition appeared in 1970.[175] It carries content on celebrities, crossword puzzles and practical tips.[176] It is one of the most widely circulated and most profitable publications in the Group.[177][178] The editor-in-chief of Freizeit Revue is Kai Winckler.[179]

HolidayCheck Group

[edit]

Hubert Burda Media's worldwide travel and review portals are bundled under the HolidayCheck Group.[180] HolidayCheck is among the leading websites of this kind in Germany, measured in terms of brokered revenues.[181] The publicly listed HolidayCheck Group previously went by the name Tomorrow Focus,[182] after the merger of Tomorrow with Focus Digital.[183]

InStyle

[edit]

In 1998, Hubert Burda Media launched the German-language woman's magazine InStyle, licensing the product from US Time Inc. publishing company.[184] InStyle reports on the fashion and lifestyle of celebrities and style icons.[185][186] It is geared towards younger women readers.[187] The editor-in-chief of InStyle is Kerstin Weng.[188]

Superillu

[edit]

The Burda Group established the German-language magazine Superillu after German Reunification especially for the East German market.[189] The publication grew into the most widely read magazine.[190] Die Zeit thus referred to Superillu as the "Mouthpiece of the East".[191] The magazine contains regional interest stories,[192] but has evolved over the years to include broader-based family content.[193] Stefan Kobus is editor-in-chief.[194]

XING

[edit]

XING is a German-language social networking service for professional contacts, with more than ten million German-speaking members.[195][196] It was founded in 2003 under the name OpenBC by Lars Hinrichs.[197] Initially, Hubert Burda Media acquired one-quarter of XING,[198] then in 2012 acquired a majority.[199] XING is now principally an online job placement site.[200] Editorial content is also a key focus.[201]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Company Register". Bundesanzeiger Verlag. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  2. ^ Klaus Boldt (June 25, 2010). "Digital statt feudal". Manager Magazin. p. 72.
  3. ^ Sonja Pohlmann (February 9, 2010). "Mogul und Maler: Hubert Burda will mit 70 noch keine Ruhe haben". Der Tagesspiegel. p. 27.
  4. ^ "Hubert Burda: Ein Visionär mit langem Atem". Hamburger Abendblatt. February 9, 2015. p. 16.
  5. ^ Catrin Bialek; Thomas Tuma (July 21, 2017). "Burda-Chef Paul-Bernhard Kallen: Das Internet wurde okkupiert". Handelsblatt (in German).
  6. ^ "Financial Statements 2017" (PDF). Burda Media Holding Kommanditgesellschaft. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  7. ^ "Burda in the 2023 financial year". Burda Media Holding Kommanditgesellschaft. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  8. ^ "Die 10 umsatzstärksten Medienkonzerne Deutschlands". Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  9. ^ "Die zehn größten deutschen Medienkonzerne 2015". Institut für Medien- und Kommunikationspolitik. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  10. ^ Peter Köpf (2002). Die Burdas. Hamburg: Europa Verlag. pp. 16–17. ISBN 3-203-79145-5.
  11. ^ a b c d Gisela Freisinger (2005). Hubert Burda: Der Medienfürst ("Chronik"). Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag. ISBN 3-593-37417-X.
  12. ^ Hubert Burda (November 12, 2012). "Medien in Zeiten des Umbruchs". Focus Magazin. pp. 134–138.
  13. ^ Hans-Bredow-Institut, ed. (2006). Medien von A bis Z. Wiesbaden: Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. p. 74. ISBN 3-531-14417-0.
  14. ^ Bruno Jahn (2005). Die deutschsprachige Presse: Ein biographisch-bibliographisches Handbuch. Vol. 1. München: Verlag Walter de Gruyter. p. 156. ISBN 3-598-11710-8.
  15. ^ a b c d e "Das Unrecht der Arisierung bleibt bestehen". Badische Zeitung. February 25, 2015. Retrieved January 6, 2020.
  16. ^ Ralf Burgmaier (October 22, 2015). "Versöhnung ging nur mit Überlebenden". Badische Zeitung. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  17. ^ Peter Köpf (2002). Die Burdas. Hamburg: Europa Verlag. p. 50. ISBN 3-203-79145-5.
  18. ^ Rundschau, Frankfurter. "Ein Forschungsreisender des Lebens". Frankfurter Rundschau (in German). Retrieved October 2, 2018.
  19. ^ a b Reiss, Hans (2017). Exile and Good Fortune: memories from 95 years. Petraca Verlag. pp. 91–92. ISBN 978-3889781116.
  20. ^ a b c "City Archive Offenburg". Museum-offenburg.de.
  21. ^ Dahmen, Ute (2009). Senator Dr. Franz Burda. Geschichten eines Lebens. Petrarca. ISBN 978-3-87115-007-4.
  22. ^ a b "Der herrliche Franz". Die Tageszeitung. February 22, 2003. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  23. ^ Kopf, Peter (2002). Die Burdas. Hamburg: Europa Verlag. p. 43.
  24. ^ "[PDF] dld chronicle - Free Download PDF". Retrieved October 2, 2018.
  25. ^ Congress, World Jewish. "German publisher honored by Jewish community". Retrieved October 2, 2018.
  26. ^ a b c d e "Macht und Pracht der bunten Bilder". Die Zeit. November 26, 1982. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  27. ^ Joachim Neumann (2007). "Der Verlag "Astra" Josef Penyigey-Szabó in Lahr/Baden: Ein kartographisch bedeutendes Unternehmen im Nachkriegsdeutschland" (PDF). Kartographische Nachrichten. No. 4. p. 207. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  28. ^ Christiane Tewinkel (January 4, 2014). "Die Denunziation der Stricknadel". Der Tagesspiegel. p. 25.
  29. ^ "Mythos Schnittmuster". Welt kompakt. July 28, 2009. p. 3.
  30. ^ Inge Hufschlag (July 27, 1999). "Die Moden des Wirtschaftswunders". Handelsblatt. p. 43.
  31. ^ Helmut Seller (February 9, 2013). "Gute Architektur ist zeitlos". Badische Zeitung. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  32. ^ a b c d e f "History". Hubert Burda Media. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  33. ^ Frank Leonhardt (October 2, 2009). "Burda-Staffel fliegt wieder". Badische Zeitung. p. 39.
  34. ^ "Burda: Von der Provinzdruckerei zum Weltkonzern". Focus Online. February 13, 2015. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  35. ^ a b "Lieber Farah". Der Spiegel. December 26, 1962. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  36. ^ Matthias Knop (1995). Museum Wiesbaden (ed.). "Rote Rosen und weisser Flieder: die Blütezeit der Filmstadt Wiesbaden". pp. 106–107, 159.
  37. ^ "Pulver und Rühmann vorne". Bambi. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  38. ^ "Der Verleger Hubert Burda wird 65: Der stete Wandel lässt keine Zeit für den Ruhestand". Badische Zeitung. February 9, 2005. p. 2.
  39. ^ Große deutsche Familienunternehmen: Generationenfolge, Familienstrategie und Unternehmensentwicklung. Göttingen: Verlag Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 2011. p. 307. ISBN 978-3-525-40338-9.
  40. ^ "Widersprüchliche Welten in Balance gehalten". Badische Zeitung. November 9, 2012. p. 22. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  41. ^ "Hubert Burda und "Patricias München": Als Andy Warhol aus Bunte-Covern ein Kunstwerk erschuf". Meedia. July 1, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  42. ^ Jörg Isringhaus (November 22, 2012). "Wie Hubert Burda die "Bunte" neu erfand". Rheinische Post.
  43. ^ "Contakt". Hubert Burda Media. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  44. ^ "Gestorben: Franz Burda". Der Spiegel. October 6, 1986. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  45. ^ "Dr. Franz Burda gestorben". Handelsblatt. October 1, 1986. p. 26.
  46. ^ a b "Künftig mehr Spielraum für Beteiligungen?". Handelsblatt. December 24, 1986. p. 9.
  47. ^ a b "Teile und herrsche". Wirtschaftswoche. January 9, 1987. p. 80.
  48. ^ "Das war vor 10, 30, 50 Jahren". Euro am Sonntag. January 5, 2013. p. 8.
  49. ^ Otto Schily (December 3, 2005). "Warum lachen Sie, Herr Springer?". Die Welt. p. 9.
  50. ^ "Burda GmbH: Anzeigengeschäft 1987 gut angelaufen. Zeitschriften gewinnen an Boden". Handelsblatt. April 13, 1987. p. 15.
  51. ^ "Aus dem Schatten". Der Spiegel. December 29, 1986. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  52. ^ "Versteckte Zusatzklauseln?". Der Spiegel. November 29, 1982. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  53. ^ "Burda hält bei Springer eine Sperrminorität". Handelsblatt. August 6, 1987. p. 11.
  54. ^ "Komplett von Springer trennen". Der Spiegel. April 25, 1988. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  55. ^ "Heimlich hinterm Rücken". Der Spiegel. October 31, 1988. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  56. ^ "Revision abgelehnt". Handelsblatt. February 7, 1991. p. 18.
  57. ^ "Der Denver-Clan von Offenburg". Der Spiegel. March 9, 1987. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  58. ^ "Ein Symbol des bürgerlichen Lagers". Der Spiegel. June 22, 1987. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  59. ^ Beatrix Novy (March 8, 2012). "Bunte Modeschnitte für die Sowjetunion". Deutschlandradio Kultur. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  60. ^ "Neues DDR-Blatt: Die "Super Illu" für 50 Pfennig". Handelsblatt. August 23, 1990. p. 15.
  61. ^ "Superillu: Integrationshilfe". Kress Report. December 10, 2010. p. 6.
  62. ^ ""Super Illu" geht gen Westen". Horizont. July 10, 1992. p. 25.
  63. ^ "Burda musste Zentrale wegen "Super"-Flop verkaufen". Horizont. November 7, 2012. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  64. ^ a b Ekkehard Kohrs (January 19, 1993). "Burdas Kampfansage an Augstein". Bonner General-Anzeiger. p. 3.
  65. ^ Heidrun Plewe (February 19, 1993). ""Focus" liegt zur Zeit gut im Plan". Horizont. p. 25.
  66. ^ "Fakten zu Focus". Die Tageszeitung. December 1, 1995. p. 14.
  67. ^ "Burda kostet Focus-Erfolg aus". Horizont. April 1, 1994. p. 6.
  68. ^ "Investitionen kräftig ausgeweitet – Verlag auf der "Focus"-Welle". Handelsblatt. July 22, 1994. p. 16.
  69. ^ "Burda-Konzern wächst im letzten Jahr dank "Focus"". Der Tagesspiegel. May 12, 1995.
  70. ^ "Verlag Aenne Burda: Abbau von Doppelfunktionen. Eingliederung in den Konzern". Handelsblatt. January 24, 1994. p. 15.
  71. ^ "Aenne Burda Verlag wird in Burda GmbH integriert". Deutscher Drucker. February 10, 1994. p. 6.
  72. ^ "Burda bündelt seine TV- und Hörfunkanteile". Handelsblatt. January 6, 1995. p. 14.
  73. ^ "Burda-Verlag strukturiert um". Horizont. January 13, 1995. p. 10.
  74. ^ "Burda-Verlag: Mit Online-Diensten ins Internet. Allein Print bringt Burda Gewinn". Handelsblatt. January 17, 1996. p. 16.
  75. ^ "Online-Dienste: Burda-Verlag stellte "Europa-Online" vor. Microsoft zeigt reges Interesse an Internet". Handelsblatt. January 17, 1995. p. 18.
  76. ^ "Europe Online: Burda aendert Strategie und startet im Internet". Frankfurter Rundschau. November 11, 1995. p. 13.
  77. ^ "Burdas Visionen". Markt & Technik. May 1996. p. 70.
  78. ^ Roland Pimpl (August 3, 2006). "Wochentitel kämpfen ums Web". Horizont. p. 38.
  79. ^ "Burda hat Internet-Offensive gestartet". Horizont. February 9, 1996. p. 66.
  80. ^ Eckhard Rahlenbeck (July 26, 1996). "Burdas Online macht Entschlackungskur". Horizont. p. 41.
  81. ^ "Burda: Entscheidung für das Internet". Handelsblatt. July 9, 1996. p. 14.
  82. ^ "Burda bündelt Internet-Töchter". Computerwoche. May 19, 2000. p. 53.
  83. ^ "Tomorrow Focus AG will bis 20 Prozent der Stellen streichen". Die Welt. August 18, 2001. p. 43.
  84. ^ "Burda Media mit mehr als zehn Prozent Umsatzanstieg". Handelsblatt. September 28, 1999. p. 26.
  85. ^ "In Offenburg wurde der Hubert Burda Medien Park eingeweiht". Deutscher Drucker. February 17, 2000. p. 4.
  86. ^ "Ein Medienpark als Geburtstagsgeschenk". Südkurier. February 9, 2000.
  87. ^ Iris Vollmann (July 12, 2001). "Burda öffnet zweite Journalistenschule". Horizont. p. 49.
  88. ^ "Burda-Konzern: Auf Gewinnkurs". Manager Magazin. July 3, 2001. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  89. ^ Jörn Krieger (2007). "Konferenz: DLD 2007 in München". Medienbote. p. 7.
  90. ^ Dirk Liedtke (January 27, 2010). "Wo die Zukunft schon da ist". Stern. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  91. ^ Andrea Rungg (January 27, 2017). "Burda-Konferenz lockt US-Internetmanager an". Financial Times Deutschland. Archived from the original on January 21, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2011.
  92. ^ Hans-Peter Siebenhaar (October 4, 2007). "Hubert Burda kauft "Chip" komplett". Medienwatcher. Handelsblatt. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  93. ^ Jens Ihlenfeld (October 5, 2007). "Burda kauft Chip und Xonio komplett". Golem. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  94. ^ Lutz Knappmann; Arndt Ohler (November 19, 2009). "Burda sichert sich Onlinenetzwerk Xing". Financial Times Deutschland. p. 7.
  95. ^ Susanne Metzger, Hans-Peter Siebenhaar (November 19, 2009). "Burda soll Xing neuen Schwung geben". Handelsblatt. p. 24.
  96. ^ Jürgen Kuri (November 18, 2009). "Burda steigt bei Social Network Xing ein". Heise Online. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  97. ^ "Burda-Verlag will Xing übernehmen". Spiegel Online. October 26, 2012. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  98. ^ Alex Hofmann (December 12, 2012). "Burda erhöht bei Xing auf 59,2 Prozent". Gründerszene. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  99. ^ "Digitale Expansion: Medienhaus Burda hat Xing übernommen". Manager Magazin. December 12, 2012. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  100. ^ Helmut Seller (February 6, 2010). "Feiern an beiden Standorten: Hubert Burda wird am Dienstag 70". Badische Zeitung. p. 35.
  101. ^ "Hubert Burda regelt die Nachfolge in seinem Verlag". Badische Zeitung. December 10, 2009. pp. 19 vom 10.12.2009, Seite 19.
  102. ^ "Verleger der alten Schule". Reutlinger General-Anzeiger. February 6, 2010.
  103. ^ Lutz Knappmann (December 11, 2009). "Der Onliner". Financial Times Deutschland. p. 2.
  104. ^ "Hubert Burda: Kallen kriegt die Krone". Kress Report. January 8, 2010. p. 12.
  105. ^ "Expansion: "Huffington Post" wählt Burda-Tochter als Partner". Welt Online. April 29, 2013. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  106. ^ "Burda setzt auf Netzmedium "Huffington Post"". Reutlinger General-Anzeiger. June 6, 2013.
  107. ^ "HuffPost". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  108. ^ Patrick Beuth (March 8, 2016). "Cliqz: Die Google-Vermeidungsmaschine". Zeit Online. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  109. ^ Friedhelm Greis (August 23, 2016). "Mozilla beteiligt sich an Burdas Browser Cliqz". Golem. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  110. ^ "Koalition statt Monopole". Focus Magazin. March 19, 2016. p. 17.
  111. ^ Kim Rixecker (March 18, 2016). "Von Publishern für Publisher: Burda stellt neues Open-Source-CMS auf Drupal-Basis vor". t3n. Archived from the original on March 20, 2016. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  112. ^ René Schmöl (March 19, 2016). "Was hinter Burdas Redaktionssystem Thunder wirklich steckt". CIO. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  113. ^ "Burda strukturiert Profit-Center neu". horizont.net. September 16, 1998. Retrieved September 5, 2016.
  114. ^ Bernd W. Wirtz (2009). Medien- und Internetmanagement (6 ed.). Wiesbaden: Gabler. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-3-8349-0864-3.
  115. ^ a b c d e "Financial Statements 2016" (PDF). Hubert Burda Media Holding Kommanditgesellschaft. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  116. ^ Marc Felix Serrao (January 7, 2011). "Die vierte Generation". sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  117. ^ Hans-Peter Siebenhaar (January 10, 2011). "Hubert Burda beteiligt seine beiden Kinder". Handelsblatt. p. 23.
  118. ^ Silja Elfers (December 17, 2009). "Hubert Burdas Hoffnungsträger". Horizont. p. 2.
  119. ^ Lutz Knappmann (December 11, 2009). "Kopf des Tages: Der Onliner". Financial Times Deutschland. p. 2.
  120. ^ Stefan Winterbauer (June 24, 2010). "Burda: Kostenkontrolle statt Kuscheln". meedia.de. Retrieved September 5, 2016.
  121. ^ "Gleiss Lutz: Corporate-Schwergewicht Andreas Rittstieg wird Vorstand bei Burda". juve.de. December 16, 2013. Retrieved September 5, 2016.
  122. ^ Jürgen Scharrer (June 23, 2016). "Auf Werbung können wir nicht bauen". Horizont. pp. 12–13.
  123. ^ Bernhard Hübner (December 20, 2011). "Neuer Burda-Vorstand soll Digitalsparte vorantreiben". Financial Times Deutschland. p. 3.
  124. ^ "Burda invests in innovative business models". www.burda.com. Retrieved May 9, 2019.
  125. ^ Turvill, William (January 12, 2017). "German media company buys Radio Times and other UK magazines for £270m". Retrieved December 22, 2017.
  126. ^ a b "Marken". Hubert Burda Media. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  127. ^ "Hubert Burda Media Holding KG". Kommission zur Ermittlung der Konzentration im Medienbereich. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  128. ^ Sophie Ahrens; Timo Leimbach; Thomas Hess (2007). Thomas Hess (ed.). "Die Digitalisierung der Hubert Burda Media: Von der Einführung der digitalen Drucktechnik bis zur Media Community als Strategie-Element" (PDF). München: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  129. ^ Roland Karle (January 10, 2013). "Burda: Wachstum begleitet den Wandel". Absatzwirtschaft. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  130. ^ Alex Hofmann (January 25, 2013). "Burda wächst digital". Gründerszene. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  131. ^ Philipp Peters (July 14, 2014). "Bei Burda sorgt das Digitalgeschäft für Wachstum". Badische Zeitung. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  132. ^ "Bereiche". Hubert Burda Media. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  133. ^ "60 Jahre Bunte". Bunte. March 27, 2008.
  134. ^ Bernward Loheide (February 9, 2015). "Der Mann hinter den bunten Blättern". Reutlinger General-Anzeiger.
  135. ^ Ulrike Simon (May 12, 2016). "Das Projekt des Verlegers". Horizont. p. 12.
  136. ^ Jens Schröder (September 18, 2014). "Deutschlands populärste Medienmarken: Bild und Apotheken Umschau". Meedia. Archived from the original on July 9, 2016. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  137. ^ Petra Schwegler (April 5, 2016). "Robert Pölzer löst Riekel als "Bunte"-Chef ab". Werben & Verkaufen. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  138. ^ "Mit "Chip" einen Volltreffer gelandet". Main-Post. February 12, 2005.
  139. ^ Peter Turi (September 10, 1993). "Spezialtitel resistent gegen TV-Konkurrenz". Horizont. p. 106.
  140. ^ "Mit Chip und Co. nach Übersee". Main-Port. March 21, 2001.
  141. ^ "Aus Vogel Burda wird die Chip Holding". Kress Report. December 19, 2007. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  142. ^ David Hein (February 29, 2012). "Chip: Josef Reitberger wird neuer Chefredakteur". Horizont. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  143. ^ "Reichweitenrekord bei Chip Online". Focus Online. March 27, 2008. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  144. ^ "Chip Online feiert seinen 15. Geburtstag". Meedia. February 15, 2011. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  145. ^ Jo Bager (October 16, 2015). "Kurz vorgestellt: Cliqz". c't Magazin. p. 59. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  146. ^ Patrick Beuth (March 8, 2016). "Die Google-Vermeidungsmaschine". Zeit Online. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  147. ^ Patrick Beuth (February 15, 2017). "Ein neues Paket, um Google auszuweichen". Zeit Online. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  148. ^ Jo Bager (March 18, 2016). "Trackerfänger". c't Magazin. p. 55. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  149. ^ Giuseppe Rondinella (August 25, 2016). "Mozilla beteiligt sich an Cliqz". Horizont. p. 12.
  150. ^ "Mozilla investiert in deutschen Cliqz-Browser". Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung. August 24, 2016. p. 7.
  151. ^ Heiko Weckbrodt (August 28, 2003). "Internet-Händler Cyberport wächst gegen Branchentrend". Leipziger Volkszeitung. p. 6.
  152. ^ "Cyberport eröffnet den zweiten Store in Wien". Medianet. February 24, 2015. p. 26.
  153. ^ "Burda Beteiligungs-Holding übernimmt Mehrheit an Cyberport.de". Horizont. September 20, 2000. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  154. ^ "Abschied von Cyberport". Sächsische Zeitung. September 28, 2001. p. 26.
  155. ^ Martin Drexler (June 28, 2016). "DLD Sommerkonferenz: Die Kehrseite der Digitalisierung". Trend. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  156. ^ "Die neuesten Trends in der Digitalwirtschaft". Stadtportal München. June 24, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  157. ^ Detlef Borchers (January 24, 2006). "Mit Triple Play zum Next Big Thing". Heise Online. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  158. ^ Varinia Bernau; Thorsten Riedl (January 24, 2011). "Der Treff junger Milliardäre". Süddeutsche Zeitung. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  159. ^ Andrea Rungg (January 20, 2011). "Burda-Konferenz lockt US-Internetmanager an". Financial Times Deutschland.
  160. ^ Boas Ruh (January 17, 2017). "Trump, Roboterfahrzeuge und ihre Folgen für die Welt". Neue Zürcher Zeitung. p. 50.
  161. ^ "Thema: DLD". Süddeutsche Zeitung. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  162. ^ "15 Jahre Fakten, Fakten, Fakten". Focus Online. January 18, 2008. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  163. ^ ""Focus" feiert 20-jähriges Bestehen". Der Standard. January 14, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  164. ^ Rainer Hoffmann (January 21, 1993). "Bunter Spiegel". Neue Zürcher Zeitung.
  165. ^ "Ein starkes Führungs-Trio". Horizont. November 20, 2003. p. 66.
  166. ^ ""Focus", "Spiegel", "Stern" – Die Großen im tiefen Wandel". Nordkurier. August 27, 2014. p. 25.
  167. ^ Heidrun Plewe (December 17, 1993). "Wenige glaubten zunächst an den Erfolg". Horizont. p. 20.
  168. ^ ""Focus"-Chefredakteur Markwort geht". Zeit Online. October 29, 2009. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  169. ^ Sara Weber (May 18, 2012). "Mehr Bild für Focus". Horizont. p. 12.
  170. ^ Christian Meier (August 26, 2014). "Der Focus und seine Chefs: Ein Blatt auf dem Weg ins Bedeutungslose". Meedia. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  171. ^ Sonja Álvarez (January 21, 2016). "Neuer Chefredakteur für den "Focus"". Der Tagesspiegel. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  172. ^ "Neuer "Focus"-Chef kommt von der "Super Illu"". Spiegel Online. January 21, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  173. ^ Jens Schröder (October 12, 2015). "Focus Online überholt erstmals Bild". Meedia. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  174. ^ Katrin Ansorge (April 21, 2016). "Focus Online zieht an Bild.de vorbei". Horizont. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  175. ^ "Freizeit Revue: Leichte Kavallerie". Kress Report. June 26, 2010. p. 15.
  176. ^ "40 jahre "Freizeit Revue": "Der Titel ist mit den Lesern mitgewachsen"". June 26, 2010. p. 14.
  177. ^ Hans-Jürgen Jakobs (July 14, 2010). "Der rätselhafte Erfolg der "Freizeit Revue"". Süddeutsche Zeitung. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  178. ^ Sabine Schlosser (April 29, 2004). "Freizeitspaß im Doppelpass". Horizont. p. 10.
  179. ^ Marc Bartl (April 5, 2016). "Kai Winckler wird "Freizeit Revue"-Chefredakteur – Robert Pölzer löst Patricia Riekel im Juli bei der "Bunten" ab". Kress Report. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  180. ^ "Von Tomorrow Focus zur HolidayCheck Group – Wohin geht die Reise bei Burdas Web-Aktivitäten?". Meedia. May 6, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  181. ^ "Ranking der größten Reiseportalbetreiber in Deutschland (2013 bis 2015)". Statista. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  182. ^ "Tomorrow Focus wird HolidayCheck". Börsen-Zeitung. May 6, 2016. p. 11.
  183. ^ "Tomorrow und Focus Digital fusionieren". Handelsblatt. August 9, 2001. p. 11.
  184. ^ "Burda-Verlag bringt Instyle auf den deutschen Markt". Horizont. November 19, 1998. p. 1.
  185. ^ Kerstin Rosenfeld (March 11, 1999). "InStyle will dem Alltag keine Chance geben". Horizont. p. 42.
  186. ^ "Trendguide und Shopping-Bibel". Hubert Burda Media. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  187. ^ "Burdas People-Magazin Instyle startet im März". Horizont. December 10, 1998. p. 1.
  188. ^ Petra Schwegler (October 23, 2015). "Burda macht Kerstin Weng zur "InStyle"-Chefredakteurin". Werben & Verkaufen. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  189. ^ "In eigener Sache: 25 Jahre Superillu". Superillu. August 20, 2015. pp. 6–7.
  190. ^ Andreas Hutzler (June 27, 1997). "Sichere Größe in unsicherer Zeit". Die Zeit.
  191. ^ Toralf Staud (October 5, 2000). "Das Zentralorgan des Ostens". Die Zeit.
  192. ^ "Heimatgefühl auf Papier gebannt". Deutscher Drucker. July 22, 2010. p. 46.
  193. ^ Sonja Pohlmann (November 9, 2009). "Blühendes Blatt: Wie die "Superillu" zum meistgelesenen Magazin in Ostdeutschland wurde". Der Tagesspiegel. p. 33.
  194. ^ "Der Vize übernimmt: Stefan Kobus wird neuer Chefredakteur der Superillu". Meedia. January 21, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  195. ^ "Xing baut Medienangebot aus – Karrierenetzwerk macht LinkedIn weiter Konkurrenz". Handelsblatt. June 23, 2016. Archived from the original on March 12, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  196. ^ Andreas Wilkens (March 29, 2016). "Xing knackt Zehn-Millionen-Marke bei deutschsprachigen Mitgliedern". Heise Online. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
  197. ^ Christiane Boldt, Carsten Wette (October 15, 2011). "Ohne den gewissen Gründer-Gendefekt geht nichts". Der Tagesspiegel. p. 8.
  198. ^ Melanie Wassink (November 19, 2009). "Lars Hinrichs verkauft Firmenanteil an Burda". Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  199. ^ "Burda übernimmt Mehrheit an Xing". Neue Zürcher Zeitung. December 13, 2012. p. 31.
  200. ^ Jürgen Hoffmann (August 12, 2015). "Xing bleibt Anbieter im deutschsprachigen Raum". Die Welt. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
  201. ^ Michael Kroker (June 23, 2016). "Wie Xing LinkedIn auf Distanz halten will". WirtschaftsWoche. Retrieved January 20, 2017.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Gisela Freisinger (2005). Hubert Burda - Der Medienfürst. Frankfurt am Main: Campus-Verlag. ISBN 3-593-37417-X.
  • Peter Köpf (2002). Die Burdas. Hamburg/Wien: Europa-Verlag. ISBN 3-203-79145-5.
[edit]