Jump to content

1538

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from AD 1538)

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
April 26: The Battle of Las Salinas is fought in Peru
September 28: The Ottoman Empire defeats Europe's Holy League in the Battle of Preveza
1538 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1538
MDXXXVIII
Ab urbe condita2291
Armenian calendar987
ԹՎ ՋՁԷ
Assyrian calendar6288
Balinese saka calendar1459–1460
Bengali calendar945
Berber calendar2488
English Regnal year29 Hen. 8 – 30 Hen. 8
Buddhist calendar2082
Burmese calendar900
Byzantine calendar7046–7047
Chinese calendar丁酉年 (Fire Rooster)
4235 or 4028
    — to —
戊戌年 (Earth Dog)
4236 or 4029
Coptic calendar1254–1255
Discordian calendar2704
Ethiopian calendar1530–1531
Hebrew calendar5298–5299
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1594–1595
 - Shaka Samvat1459–1460
 - Kali Yuga4638–4639
Holocene calendar11538
Igbo calendar538–539
Iranian calendar916–917
Islamic calendar944–945
Japanese calendarTenbun 7
(天文7年)
Javanese calendar1456–1457
Julian calendar1538
MDXXXVIII
Korean calendar3871
Minguo calendar374 before ROC
民前374年
Nanakshahi calendar70
Thai solar calendar2080–2081
Tibetan calendar阴火鸡年
(female Fire-Rooster)
1664 or 1283 or 511
    — to —
阳土狗年
(male Earth-Dog)
1665 or 1284 or 512

Year 1538 (MDXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

[edit]

January–March

[edit]

April–June

[edit]

July–September

[edit]

October–December

[edit]

Date unknown

[edit]

Births

[edit]
Saint Turibius of Mongrovejo

Deaths

[edit]
Diego de Almagro

References

[edit]
  1. ^ O'Byrne, Emmett (October 2009). "O'More (Ó Mórdha), Rory (Ruaidhrí Caoch)". Dictionary of Irish Biography. doi:10.3318/dib.006908.v1. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
  2. ^ Kenneth M. Setton (1984). The Papacy and the Levant, (1204-1571).: The sixteenth century to the reign of Julius III. American Philosophical Society. p. 434. ISBN 978-0-87169-161-3.
  3. ^ Jenkins, Everett Jr (2015). The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. McFarland. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-4766-0889-1.
  4. ^ Victor Wolfgang Von Hagen (1976). The Royal Road of the Inca. Gordon & Cremonesi. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-86033-009-7.
  5. ^ R. C. Majumdar, ed., The Mughul Empire, (Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 2007)pp.391-398
  6. ^ Tracy, James D. (November 14, 2002). Emperor Charles V, Impresario of War: Campaign Strategy, International Finance, and Domestic Politics. Cambridge University Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-521-81431-7. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  7. ^ Research Volume of the Surrey Archaeological Society. Survey Archaeological Society. 1988. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-9501345-8-1. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  8. ^ Duczmal, Małgorzata (2012). Jogailaičiai (in Lithuanian). Translated by Birutė Mikalonienė; Vyturys Jarutis. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras. p. 166. ISBN 978-5-420-01703-6.
  9. ^ 25 July 1538, OnThisDay.com. Accessed 6 August 2023.
  10. ^ Woods, Sarah (September 1, 2015). Colombia. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-84162-921-6. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  11. ^ Halil İnalcık (1973). The Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age 1300-1600. Praeger. p. 41.
  12. ^ Selcuk Aksin Somel (2010). The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-8108-7579-1.
  13. ^ a b Di Vito, Mauro; Lirer, Lucio; Mastrolorenzo, Giuseppe; Rolandi, Giuseppe (August 1, 1987). "The 1538 Monte Nuovo eruption (Campi Flegrei, Italy)". Bulletin of Volcanology. 49 (4): 608–615. Bibcode:1987BVol...49..608D. doi:10.1007/BF01079966. S2CID 128745563. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  14. ^ "Campi Flegrei: The 1538 Monte Nuovo eruption". www.geo.mtu.edu. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  15. ^ Jiminez, F. A. (1979). "University rivalry in Hispaniola". Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 55 (7): 700–707. ISSN 0028-7091. PMC 1808221. PMID 393344.
  16. ^ Universidades españolas y americanas: época colonial (in Spanish). CSIC Press. 1987. p. 452. ISBN 978-84-7579-444-0. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  17. ^ Benians, Ernest Alfred; Newton, Arthur Percival; Rose, John Holland (1940). The Cambridge History of the British Empire. CUP Archive. p. 15. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  18. ^ Newsome, Clive (July 2003). The Abbey Trail. SIGMA PRESS. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-85058-803-0. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  19. ^ "History of Byland Abbey". English Heritage. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  20. ^ Scarisbrick, J. J. (1997). Henry VIII (2nd ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 361. ISBN 0-300-07158-2.
  21. ^ Zirpolo, Lilian H. (August 9, 2020). Michelangelo: A Reference Guide to His Life and Works. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-5381-2304-1. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  22. ^ Ackerman, James S. (1964). The Architecture of Michelangelo: Catalogue. A. Zwemmer. p. 50. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  23. ^ Clifford, Henry (1887). The Life of Jane Dormer, Duchess of Feria. Burns and Oates. p. 15. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  24. ^ Kindermann, Jan Christiaan (1874). Lodewijk van Nassau de volmaakte ridder (in Dutch). Beijers. p. 10. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  25. ^ Stichart, Franz Otto (1857). Galerie der sächsischen Fürstinnen biographische Skizzen sämmtlicher Ahnfrauen des königlichen Hauses Sachsen (in German). Fleischer. p. 173. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  26. ^ Lattis, James M. (2010). Between Copernicus and Galileo Christoph Clavius and the Collapse of Ptolemaic Cosmology. University of Chicago Press. p. 12. ISBN 9780226469263. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  27. ^ Pescasio, Luigi (1999). Cardinale Ercole Gonzaga presidente del Concilio di Trento (1505-1563) (in Italian). Bottazzi. p. 163. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  28. ^ Merzario, Giuseppe (1893). I maestri comacìni storia artistica di mille duecento anni (600-1800) (in Italian). G. Agnelli. p. 687. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  29. ^ Cazes, Hélène (2010). Bonaventura Vulcanius, Works and Networks Bruges 1538 - Leiden 1614. Brill. p. 79. ISBN 9789004192096. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  30. ^ "BOLOGNETTI, Alberto". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  31. ^ Celier, Leonzio (1912). San Carlo Borromeo, 1538-1584 (in Italian). Desclee. p. 22. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  32. ^ Kessel, Elsje van (2017). The Lives of Paintings Presence, Agency and Likeness in Venetian Art of the Sixteenth Century. De Grutyer. p. 135. ISBN 9783110495775. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  33. ^ Valencia, Vicente Rodríguez (1956). Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, organizer and apostle of South America (in Spanish). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Santo Toribio de Mogrovej. p. 132. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  34. ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Consistory of February 26, 1561 (II)". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  35. ^ Library of the Ecole des Chartes (in French). Droz Bookstore. 1849. p. 160. ISBN 9782600051699. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  36. ^ Moenich, Karoly (1876). Magyar irok nevtara (in Hungarian). Nirschy. p. 389. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  37. ^ Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Gale Research Company. 2004. p. 69. ISBN 9780787669683. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  38. ^ Clemen, Otto; Koch, Ernst (1982). Kleine Schriften zur Reformationsgeschichte (in German). Zentralantiquariat der DDR. p. 167. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  39. ^ "Sigrid Svantesdotter Sture". www.skbl.se (in Swedish). Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  40. ^ Atti della R. Accademia delle scienze di Torino (in Italian). Stamperia Reale. 1883. p. 1087. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  41. ^ "Herbert, Henry, second earl of Pembroke". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13028. Retrieved August 21, 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  42. ^ Frédéric, Louis (2002). Japan encyclopedia. Harvard Press. p. 56. ISBN 9780674017535. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  43. ^ The Catholic Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia Press. 1913. p. 304. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  44. ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Consistory of June 5, 1596 (II)". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  45. ^ "MORDAUNT, Lewis (1538-1601)". historyofparliament.org. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
  46. ^ Benevides, Francisco da Fonseca (1878). Rainhas de Portugal: estudo historico com muitos documentos (in Brazilian Portuguese). Castro Irmâo. p. 348. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  47. ^ Frind, Anton (1878). "Die" Kirchengeschichte Böhmens im Allgemeinen und mit besonderer Beziehung auf die jetzige Leitmeritzer Diöcese (in German). Tempsky. p. 454. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  48. ^ Rian, Øystein. "Olav Engelbrektsson". In Helle, Knut (ed.). Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved June 19, 2018.
  49. ^ Ernst Buchner (1960). German Painting at the Time of Dürer. Hirmer. p. 26.
  50. ^ Roy, Neha (April 6, 2023). Henry VIII's Imprisoned Women: The Women of the Tower. Pen and Sword History. p. 50. ISBN 978-1-3990-9579-2. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  51. ^ Нечаев, Сергей (September 20, 2011). Иван Грозный. Жены и наложницы «Синей Бороды» (in Russian). Litres. ISBN 978-5-457-17297-5. Retrieved September 13, 2023. And on April 4, 1538, Elena Vasilyevna Glinskaya herself, who was only thirty years old, suddenly died.
  52. ^ Elton, G. R. (November 7, 1985). Policy and Police: The Enforcement of the Reformation in the Age of Thomas Cromwell. CUP Archive. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-521-31309-4. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  53. ^ Schaible, Joseph (1855). Geschichte des badischen Hanauerlandes nebst einer medizinisch-statistischen topographie des (in German). Malsch und Vogel. p. 50. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  54. ^ Makens, Judith (January 2002). "Hugh Latimer and John Forest: Rituals of Martyrdom". Reformation. 6 (1): 29–48. doi:10.1179/ref_2002_6_1_003. ISSN 1357-4175. S2CID 145394860. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  55. ^ Dillon, Anne (May 2006). "John Forest and Derfel Gadarn: A Double Execution". British Catholic History. 28 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1017/S003419320001102X. ISSN 0034-1932. S2CID 163270338. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  56. ^ Zeitschrift des Harz-Vereins für Geschichte und Altertumskunde (in German). Selbstverlag des Vereins. 1907. p. 273. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  57. ^ Royen, Laetitia V. G. Gorter-Van (1995). Maria van Hongarije, regentes der Nederlanden: een politieke analyse op basis van haar regentschaps-ordonnanties en haar correspondentie met Karel V (in Dutch). Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 230. ISBN 978-90-6550-394-7. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  58. ^ Valdés, Gerardo Larraín (1987). Dios, Sol Y Oro Diego de Almagro Y El Descubrimiento de Chile (in Spanish). Andres Bello. p. 306. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  59. ^ Publications de la Section historique de l'Institute G.-D. de Luxembourg (in French). Institut grand-ducal de Luxembourg Section historique. 1853. p. 234. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  60. ^ Achaintre, Nicolas Louis (1825). Histoire Généalogique Et Chronologique de la Maison Royale de Bourbon (in French). Mansut. p. 383. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  61. ^ Miscellanea di storia italiana (in Italian). Fratelli Bocca. 1913. p. 286. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  62. ^ Womersley, David (February 18, 2010). Divinity and State. Oxford University Press. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-19-925564-1. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  63. ^ Benzoni, Gino (2002). "GRITTI, Andrea". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Volume 59: Graziano–Grossi Gondi (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.
  64. ^ Gringore, Pierre; Brown, Cynthia Jane (2003). Œuvres polémiques rédigées sous le règne de Louis XII (in French). Librairie Droz. p. 27. ISBN 978-2-600-00836-5. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  65. ^ Magno, Alessandro Marzo (October 1, 2013). Bound in Venice: The Serene Republic and the Dawn of the Book. Europa Editions. ISBN 978-1-60945-152-3. Retrieved September 13, 2023. The year 1538 is also the death of Paganino Paganini.