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File:Remains of the ancient city of Rhamnous on July 22, 2020.jpg

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English: "The ruins of the ancient deme of Rhamnous, of the Aiantis tribe, are preserved in the valley of Limikon at northeastern Attica. Rhamnous is actually the best-preserved of all ancient Attic demes. The name "Rhamnous" derives from the plant 'rhamnos' (shrub).

The ancient settlement was fortified. Inside the walls, public buildings, sanctuaries, and houses were erected. In the acropolis of the town an Athenian garrison was permanently stationed guarding the sea route between Attica and Euboea. The lower part of the fort included a small theatre, a gymnasium, a small sanctuary of Dionysus, a number of other public buildings and houses. The ancient road, which connected Rhamnous and the neighboring demes and leads to the town, was flanked by impressive burial monuments. On a prominent spot near the ancient road lies the terrace of the sanctuary of Nemesis built in the 6th century B.C. In the 5th century B.C. the large temple of Nemesis was constructed in the Doric order with 6 columns on its narrow sides and 12 on its long sides. The famous statue of the goddess, a work by Pheidias' pupil Agoracritus, was housed inside it. According to Pausanias the statue was of the specific piece of Parian marble which the Persians had brought with them to use for the trophy of their victory at the Battle of Marathon. But the goddess Nemesis punished them for their overconfidence (hybris). Its relief base (ca. 420 B.C.) depicted Helen being brought by Leda to her divine mother Nemesis. Themis was worshipped in the smaller temple, dated in the 5th century B.C. This building was used as a treasury of the main temple of Nemesis. Noteworthy statues were found inside it, including a statue of Themis (now in the National Archaeological Museum, c. 300 B.C.). Its base bears an inscription with the name of the local sculptor Chaerestratus. Around the end of the 4th century A.D., the first Christians destroyed the statue of Nemesis and the monuments, and the whole area declined. However, the remains of the sanctuary and the fortress have never been entirely buried in the ground and were visible to travelers and visitors of the region ever since.

The first excavations at the site were carried out in 1813 by the Society of Dilettanti. Later in the 19th century the excavations were taken over by the Athens Archaeological Society under the direction of its members Dimitrios Filios and Valerios Stais. From 1975 Vasileios Petrakos resumed excavations in order to obtain an overall picture of Rhamnous. Textː Information label opposite the temples of Nemesis and Themis."
Date
Source Own work
Author George E. Koronaios
Camera location38° 13′ 18.16″ N, 24° 01′ 37.51″ E Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMapinfo

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38°13'18.160"N, 24°1'37.510"E

22 July 2020

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current12:03, 22 July 2020Thumbnail for version as of 12:03, 22 July 20206,000 × 4,000 (12.97 MB)George E. KoronaiosUploaded own work with UploadWizard

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